Pediatrics Flashcards
What HPI components are vital for pediatric history?
Developmental prenatal and birth social history of family environmental hx immunizations hx
What are apgar scores? When do you do them?
A scoring system on a newborn’s vitals and appearance that may indicate various disease states
-at birth, then again at 5-7 mins
What is a normal apgar score?
8-10
0-2 is “like” cardiac arrest: BAD
What are the ages for development milestones in peds?
Months: at birth, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24
Years: 3, 4, and 5
What ages are the following vitals or screens done:
Blood pressure, BMI, Cholesterol
BP: 3 y/o
BMI: 2 y/o
Cholesterol: 9-11 and 17-21
When are newborn metabolic screenings done? Tuberculosis?
NBMS: at birth and between 1-2 weeks
Tub: steadily at and after 1 year
When is vision screening done? Lead screening? Hemoglobin?
Vision: 3 years and on
Lead: 12 and 24 months (sus populations)
Hemoglobin: 12 months (or birth and 4 mo if premature()
What age should a child double their birth weight?
4-5 months
What age should a child triple their birth weight?
12 mo
What age should a child quadruple their birth weight?
2 years
What is the average length of a child at birth, 1 year. And 4 years?
Birth: 20”
1 yr: 30”
4 years: 40” (double birth)
What position should a baby sleep in?
Supine
What is the premature closing of the sutures of the cranial bones?
Craniosynostosis
At what age should a child be assessed for developmental milestones first?
2 months
What age should a child’s primitive reflexes be assessed?
3-6 months postpartum
What reflex is demonstrated by abrupt extension of the infant’s neck and symmetrical extension of the infant’s upper extremities following a loud noise?
Moro reflex
What age should a child’s moro reflex disappear?
4 months old (gradually from birth-4mo)
What can the moro reflex be used to evaluate?
CNS integrity and detection of peripheral problems (like MS abnormalities or neural plexus injuries)
What indicates unilateral weakness during a moro reflex?
Asymmetrical response
What age should a child display the asymmetric tonic neck reflex?
2-4weeks
What age should a child’s asymmetric tonic neck reflex disappear?
4-6months
What is the “fencing reflex”’s technical name?
Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR)
What age should a child be able to support its neck when the pull-to-sit maneuver is performed?
4 months
5-6 mo child should anticipate the motion and pick up head
What age should a child be able to place its pelvis flat on the floor and lift its head/shoulders while in the prone position?
4 months
What age should the child be able to sit without support?
7-9 months
What age should a child’s lordotic curve be semi-prevalent?
12 months
What age should a child’s hand grasp reflex disappear?
3 months
What age should a child’s toe grasp reflex disappear?
8-15 months
What age should a child’s ATNR disappear?
6-months
When should a child be able to sit alone momentarily?
4-8mo
When should a child be able to roll back to stomach?
4-10mo
When should a child be able to sit steadily?
5-9 months
When should a child be able to get to sitting position?
6-11 months
When should a child be able to pull to standing?
6-12 months
When should a child be able to stand alone?
9-16 months
When should a child be able to walk three steps alone?
9-17 months
What age range usually encompasses development of fine motor skills (grasping)?
6mo-12months
6 is rake, 7 is inferior-scissor, 8 is scissor, 9 is inferior pincer, 10 is pincer, 12 is fine pincer
When should a child be able to grasp objects, smile at other people, and raise head while laying prone?
3 months
When should a child be able to babble, laugh, and imitate sounds?
4 months
When should a child be able to roll from back to stomach and back, and move objects from hand to hand?
6 months
When should a child be able to respond to its name and find partially hidden objects?
7 months
When should a child be able to sit without support and crawl?
9 months
When should a child be able to say mama and dada?
9 months
When should a child be able to walk with/without support, say one word, and enjoys imitating people?
12 months
When should a child be able to walk independently, drink from a cup, says ~15 words, and points to body parts?
18 mo
When should a child be able to run, jump, speak in two word sentences, and plays make-believe?
2 years
When should a child be able to climb well, speaks multiword sentences, and sorts objects by shape and color?
3 years
When should a child be able to get along with people outside family, rides a trike, and draws circles and squares?
4 years
When should a child be able to tell name and address, jump, get dressed, and counts 10+ objects?
5 years
When should a child be able to draw a triangle?
5 years
When should a child be able to draw a circle?
3 years
When should a child be able to draw a square?
4 years
When should a child be able to speak 50% intelligibly?
2 years
When should a child be able to speak 75% intelligibly?
3 yearsq
When should a child be able to speak 100% intelligibly?
4 years
