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Foundations- Block 1 > Pediatrics > Flashcards

Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

What HPI components are vital for pediatric history?

A 
Developmental
prenatal and birth
social history of family
environmental hx
immunizations hx
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2
Q

What are apgar scores? When do you do them?

A

A scoring system on a newborn’s vitals and appearance that may indicate various disease states

-at birth, then again at 5-7 mins

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3
Q

What is a normal apgar score?

A

8-10

0-2 is “like” cardiac arrest: BAD

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4
Q

What are the ages for development milestones in peds?

A

Months: at birth, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24

Years: 3, 4, and 5

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5
Q

What ages are the following vitals or screens done:

Blood pressure, BMI, Cholesterol

A

BP: 3 y/o

BMI: 2 y/o

Cholesterol: 9-11 and 17-21

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6
Q

When are newborn metabolic screenings done? Tuberculosis?

A

NBMS: at birth and between 1-2 weeks

Tub: steadily at and after 1 year

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7
Q

When is vision screening done? Lead screening? Hemoglobin?

A

Vision: 3 years and on

Lead: 12 and 24 months (sus populations)

Hemoglobin: 12 months (or birth and 4 mo if premature()

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8
Q

What age should a child double their birth weight?

A

4-5 months

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9
Q

What age should a child triple their birth weight?

A

12 mo

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10
Q

What age should a child quadruple their birth weight?

A

2 years

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11
Q

What is the average length of a child at birth, 1 year. And 4 years?

A

Birth: 20”

1 yr: 30”

4 years: 40” (double birth)

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12
Q

What position should a baby sleep in?

A

Supine

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13
Q

What is the premature closing of the sutures of the cranial bones?

A

Craniosynostosis

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14
Q

At what age should a child be assessed for developmental milestones first?

A

2 months

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15
Q

What age should a child’s primitive reflexes be assessed?

A

3-6 months postpartum

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16
Q

What reflex is demonstrated by abrupt extension of the infant’s neck and symmetrical extension of the infant’s upper extremities following a loud noise?

A

Moro reflex

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17
Q

What age should a child’s moro reflex disappear?

A

4 months old (gradually from birth-4mo)

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18
Q

What can the moro reflex be used to evaluate?

A

CNS integrity and detection of peripheral problems (like MS abnormalities or neural plexus injuries)

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19
Q

What indicates unilateral weakness during a moro reflex?

A

Asymmetrical response

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20
Q

What age should a child display the asymmetric tonic neck reflex?

A

2-4weeks

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21
Q

What age should a child’s asymmetric tonic neck reflex disappear?

A

4-6months

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22
Q

What is the “fencing reflex”’s technical name?

A

Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR)

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23
Q

What age should a child be able to support its neck when the pull-to-sit maneuver is performed?

A

4 months

5-6 mo child should anticipate the motion and pick up head

24
Q

What age should a child be able to place its pelvis flat on the floor and lift its head/shoulders while in the prone position?

A

4 months

25
Q

What age should the child be able to sit without support?

A

7-9 months

26
Q

What age should a child’s lordotic curve be semi-prevalent?

A

12 months

27
Q

What age should a child’s hand grasp reflex disappear?

A

3 months

28
Q

What age should a child’s toe grasp reflex disappear?

A

8-15 months

29
Q

What age should a child’s ATNR disappear?

A

6-months

30
Q

When should a child be able to sit alone momentarily?

A

4-8mo

31
Q

When should a child be able to roll back to stomach?

A

4-10mo

32
Q

When should a child be able to sit steadily?

A

5-9 months

33
Q

When should a child be able to get to sitting position?

A

6-11 months

34
Q

When should a child be able to pull to standing?

A

6-12 months

35
Q

When should a child be able to stand alone?

A

9-16 months

36
Q

When should a child be able to walk three steps alone?

A

9-17 months

37
Q

What age range usually encompasses development of fine motor skills (grasping)?

A

6mo-12months

6 is rake, 7 is inferior-scissor, 8 is scissor, 9 is inferior pincer, 10 is pincer, 12 is fine pincer

38
Q

When should a child be able to grasp objects, smile at other people, and raise head while laying prone?

A

3 months

39
Q

When should a child be able to babble, laugh, and imitate sounds?

A

4 months

40
Q

When should a child be able to roll from back to stomach and back, and move objects from hand to hand?

A

6 months

41
Q

When should a child be able to respond to its name and find partially hidden objects?

A

7 months

42
Q

When should a child be able to sit without support and crawl?

A

9 months

43
Q

When should a child be able to say mama and dada?

A

9 months

44
Q

When should a child be able to walk with/without support, say one word, and enjoys imitating people?

A

12 months

45
Q

When should a child be able to walk independently, drink from a cup, says ~15 words, and points to body parts?

A

18 mo

46
Q

When should a child be able to run, jump, speak in two word sentences, and plays make-believe?

A

2 years

47
Q

When should a child be able to climb well, speaks multiword sentences, and sorts objects by shape and color?

A

3 years

48
Q

When should a child be able to get along with people outside family, rides a trike, and draws circles and squares?

A

4 years

49
Q

When should a child be able to tell name and address, jump, get dressed, and counts 10+ objects?

A

5 years

50
Q

When should a child be able to draw a triangle?

A

5 years

51
Q

When should a child be able to draw a circle?

A

3 years

52
Q

When should a child be able to draw a square?

A

4 years

53
Q

When should a child be able to speak 50% intelligibly?

A

2 years

54
Q

When should a child be able to speak 75% intelligibly?

A

3 yearsq

55
Q

When should a child be able to speak 100% intelligibly?

A

4 years

Foundations- Block 1 (17 decks)

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