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Peds > pediatric infectious disease > Flashcards

pediatric infectious disease Flashcards

1
Q

t cell independent responses are weak until

A

2 years of age - poor response to encapsulated bacteria with polysacharides

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2
Q

maternal igG starts at

A

28 weeks gestation

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3
Q

fever in children < 3 yrs of age

A

minor self-resolving viral

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4
Q

2 day old infant with fever

A

FULL WORK UP

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5
Q

0-3 month old toxic infant

A

full septic work up, empiric abx

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6
Q

Common infections (Bacteria) perinatally

A
  • GroupB strep
  • Ecoli, gram negative enteric (1)
  • Listeria
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7
Q

Common infections (viral) perinatally

A

HSV

Entero/parechovirus

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8
Q

If infant is toxic, NO meningitis

A
  • give Ampicillin + gentamicin Or cefotaxime
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9
Q

If infant is toxic, YES meningitis

A
  • Ampicillin (for listeria) + cefotaxime
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10
Q

group B strep can cause (early onset) < 7 days

A
  • Pneumonia
  • septicemia
  • meningitis
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11
Q

group B strep can cause (LATE onset) > 7 days

A
  • vertical or horizontal transmission
  • Meningitis
  • osteomyelitis
  • soft tissue infection
  • sepsis
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12
Q

managing group B strep Abx?

A

amp +/- gentamicin IV 2-3 weeks

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13
Q

maternal Abx for GBS

A
  • Penicillin G q 4hrs until delivery

or Amp

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14
Q

sufficient prophylaxis is

A

4 hours or more prior to delivery

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15
Q

clinical manifestations of HSV -

A
  • skin eye mouth (45%) (day 10)

- neurological (2nd week days 16 -19)/disseminated disease - may not have skin manifestation

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16
Q

Tx duration for isolated mucocutaneous HSV

A
  • 2 weeks

- 3 weeks disseminates or CNS

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17
Q

3 week infant fever x 12 hours

A

Full septic work up and empiric therapy

18
Q

risk of serious bacterial infection in neonates with no risk factors is

A

3-6%

19
Q

2 month old with fever and irritability 24 hours

A

outpatient management if low risk -

discharge - close follow up

20
Q

Common bacterial infections 1-3 month old

A
  • group B strep
  • E coli
  • Listeria
    INCLUDE environmental
  • strep pneum
  • N. meningitidis
  • Staph aureus
  • GAS
21
Q

Low risk criteria for serious infection in 1-3 month old

A
  • previously healthy/term infant
  • Non-toxic
  • No focal infection
  • peripheral leukocytes 5- 15
    urine < 10 WBCper high field
    Stool < 5 WBC per high field
22
Q

3-36 month old infants - infections

A

occult bacteria - strep pneump, N. meningitidis

HIB and Pneumococ - vaccines - less seen

23
Q

Fever in 3 - 36 month olds non-toxic

A

1) - acetaminophen monitor 2 days

2) higher UTI risk in males - consider cbc AND BLOOD CULTURES if not immunized

24
Q

empiric Abx for 0-28 days old

A

No meningitis - Amp+ gentamicin

Yes meningitis - Amp + cefotaxime

25
Q

29-90 days empiric Abx

A

No meningitis - Amp + cefotaxime

Yes meningitis - Amp + cefo +/- VANCO

26
Q

3- 36 months

A

No meningitis - Cefuroxime/Cefotaxime

YES meningitis - Cefotaxime + VANCO

27
Q

Vancomycin mostly for

A

resistant strep pneumo

28
Q

4 year old boy fever, headache, lethargy x24 hrs, nuchal rigidity, UTIs in classs

A

strep pneumo infection > 3 months

29
Q

normal WBC count

A

5-15

30
Q

3 month old with poor suck, constipation, afebrile but lethargic and FLOPPY

A
  • Full septic work up! and empiric Abx -
31
Q

what do you do for Botulinim toxin in infants?

A
  • supportive care

Abx NOT helpful, aminoglycosides can exacerbate Sx

32
Q

15 year old, fever cough, lethargic, hypotensive, elevated ddimer, elevated Serum creatinine and liver enzymes

A
  • Group A strep

Toxic shock syndrome

33
Q

managing toxic shock

A
  • iv fluids
  • Inotropes
  • Penicillin and CLINDAMYCIN
    IVIG
34
Q

strawberry tongue or tonsils

A

strep pyogenes

35
Q

newborn infant - hepatosplenomegaly and petechial rash and thromboytopenia

A
  • CMV
    common cause of acquired hearling loss
    Majority ASYmptomatic at birth
36
Q

congenital CMV can cause

A
  • chorioretinitis

- periventricular calcification/brain atrophy

37
Q

Osteomyelitis/periostitis can be due to

A

Syphilis infection

38
Q

Cicatrical scars, and limb hypoplasia can be due to

A

Varicella zoster

39
Q

Cataracts, blueberry muffin rash

A

Rubella

40
Q

Hepatosplenomegaly
Chorioretinitis
CNS calcifications can be due to

A

Toxoplasmosis

41
Q

4 month old - dry cough -
tachypneic
hypoxemic
inspiratory crackles

A

positive for pneumocystis and CMV

Peds (13 decks)

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