Pediatric conditions

Question 1

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

Answer 1

NSAIDS (IV indomethacin or ibuprofen)

Question 2

RDS

Answer 2

-deficiency of surfactant
-poractant alfa (curosurf) and calfactant (Infasurf)

Question 3

ASA

Answer 3

-reyes syndrome in those recovering from viral infections
-do not recommend in children < 16

Question 4

NSAIDs/Tylenol

Answer 4

-tylenol drops and suspension are the same concentration
-10-15 mg/kg/dose q4-6h (all solutions are 160 mg/5mL)
-avoid ibuprofen in infants < 6 months due to risk of nephrotoxicity
-5-10 mg/kg/dose q6-8h

Question 5

intestinal gas

Answer 5

simethicone drops

Question 6

nasal congestion

Answer 6

humidifier, suction with saline drops or spray
-no OTC cough and cold in children < 2 years

Question 7

constipation

Answer 7

miralax is recommended for the treatment of intermittent constipation
-prunes, pears, glycerin suppositories

Question 8

diarrhea

Answer 8

dehydrations (pedialyte and enfamil enfalyte)

Question 9

Bacterial meningitis: < 1 month

Answer 9

amp + cefotaxime
amp + AMG (gent)

Question 10

Bacterial meningitis: 1-23 month

Answer 10

vanc + 3rd gen cephalosporin

Question 11

Bacterial meningitis: 2+ years

Answer 11

vanc + 3rd gen cephalosporin

Question 12

Palivizumab (Synaqis)

Answer 12

-premature infants born at < 29 weeks gestation
-premature infants born < 32 weeks gestation with CLD who are < 12 months of age
-infants < 12 months of age with certain heart conditions

Question 13

Croup

Answer 13

systemic steroids (dexamethasone) and nebulized racemic epinephrine

Question 14

bed wetting

Answer 14

desmopressin
-hyponatremia

Question 15

Drugs contraindicated in pediatrics

Answer 15

-codeine (<12 YOA)
-tramadol (<12 YOA)
-Promethazine (< 2 years)
-CTX (1-28 days)