Ped- Test 2 (DERMATOLOGY) Flashcards
WEEK 2! YOU GOT THIS!!
True or False Primary Lesions have the MOST characteristics of a disease process?
TRUE
What is a macule? (primary)
Text: Is a color change in the skin that is FLAT to the surface of the skin
This is NOT PALPABLE
It is <1 cm in diameter
**This makes sense b/c it is flat to the skin
What is a papule? (primary)
Solid raised lesion with distinct borders
<1 cm in diamater
What is a plaque? (primary)
Solid lesion
> 1 cm
Flat topped
Looks like a flat topped hill (mesa)
What is a nodule? (primary)
Raised solid lesion with INDISTINCT BORDERS
> 1 cm in diameter
BUT SURFACE IS ROUNDED
It can be palpated deeply
&
Vascular nodules are compressible
What is a vesicle? (primary)
Raised lesion
<1 cm
Filled with clear fluid
What is a Bulla? (primary)
Blister > 1 cm
“Bulla= Blister”
Whereas, vesicles are smaller but they are both fluid filled
What is a pustule? (primary)
Raised lesion filled with pus that gives it a yellow appearance
What is a wheal? (primary)
Flat topped
Slightly raised
Area of tense edema
It is in the outer layer of the skin
Pink edematous papule & plaque & can vary in size- typical to have a transient nature that resolves in 24 hours.
What is the difference between a wheel vs a papule or a plaque?
The wheel is more pink & edematous compared to papules and plaque
What is purpura? (primary)
red purple, macular or plaque that is caused from extravascular blood into the skin. It does not blanch with pressure.
True or False- purpura is bigger than petechiae?
True
What is a cyst? (primary)
a papule or nodule with an epidermal lining and filled with solid material. Cysts will not be as clear & transparent as vesicle or pustule because it is filled with SOLID MATERIAL. . . BUT IT IS RAISED LIKE A PAPULE & or NODULE.
Cyst= filled with solid material!
Solid RAISED dome-shaped lesion with a smooth surface
Can have a palpable sac that the skin moves over
Can be within the epidermis & move with the skin
What are the examples of the primary skin lesions in the lecture?
Macule
Papule
Plaque
Nodule
Vesicle
Bulla
Pustule
Wheal
Purpura
Cyst
What are secondary skin lesions?
-Caused from the side effects of a primary lesion.
-These lesions can be seen after the primary lesions have healed.
What is scaling? (secondary)
When the stratum corneum (the outermost) layer of the skin thickens, builds up and sheds or peels off.
- Can be fine OR sheet like scaling
-Seen in papulosquamous conditions & ichthyoses
What is Licenification? (secondary)
Thickening of the epidermis from external irritation
Something is rubbing up against the skin
What is crusting? (secondary)
Dried collection of serum or cellular debris
Think it is crusted over!!
What is a scar? (secondary)
Fibrous thickenings of the dermis resulting in loss of epidermal ridges.
Raised= hypertrophic
Flat
Thickened, firm & SOMETIMES DISCOLORED collection of connective tissue.
Caused by: Dermal damage
What is excoriation? (secondary)
What we you see? Superficial linear erosion
Caused by: SCRATCHING- seen a lot because kids like to scratch!
What is an ulcer? (secondary)
What do you see?
Deeper depression with the loss of the whole epidermis
What happens- ulcers can heal &
produce scars
What is a fissure? (secondary)
Linear splits in the skin, seen as wedge shaped cracks through the epidermis narrowing in the dermis
Since the skin is cracked this can be PAINFUL TO PATIENTS!!!
What is erosion? (secondary)
shallow depression with the loss of your superficial epidermis. This is not gone to the dermis
What are the examples of secondary skin lesions?
Scaling
Lichenification
Crusting
Scar
Excoriation
Ulcer
Fissure
Erosion
What is the difference between a pustule & a vesicle?
- A vesicle is clear tan colored & a pustule is pus filled with erythema
crusting (secondary)
combo of plasma & epidermis as seen in impetigo
