DERM- Bacterial Flashcards
TEST 2
For initial treatment of folliculitis caused by S. aureus, which topical medication is recommended?
A. Burow’s solution compresses
B. Bactroban (Mupirocin)ointment TID x 7-10 days
C. Clotrimazole 1% cream BID
D. Triamcinolone 0.1% cream
*Answer:** B. Bactroban (Mupirocin) ointment TID x 7-10 days
Which patient education point is crucial for parents when treating impetigo in children?
A. Use the same towel or washcloth between siblings.
B. Child can return to school immediately after starting oral antibiotics.
C. Apply hydrocortisone cream to all lesions.
D. Do not share personal items like towels and wash bedsheets regularly.
*Answer:** D. Do not share personal items like towels and wash bedsheets regularly.
What is a primary differentiating feature of candida diaper dermatitis compared to irritant diaper dermatitis?
A. Formation of satellite lesions
B. Non-vesicular, dry appearance
C. Response to hydrocortisone cream
D. Involvement of the periorbital area
*Answer:** A. Formation of satellite lesions
A patient with seborrheic dermatitis presents with thick, greasy scales on the scalp (cradle cap). What is an appropriate treatment strategy for this condition in infants?
A. Apply Nystatin cream TID-QID
B. Use warm olive oil compresses followed by baby shampoo
C. Administer oral antihistamines like Benadryl or Zyrtec
D. Use Triamcinolone 0.1% cream
Answer: B. Use warm olive oil compresses followed by baby shampoo
Which condition is characterized by small papules with follicular plugs giving a “chicken skin” appearance, and is commonly found on the upper arms, thighs, and cheeks?
A. Impetigo
B. Folliculitis
C. Keratosis Pilaris
D. Seborrheic Dermatitis
Answer: C. Keratosis Pilaris
A patient with Streptococcus-caused cellulitis presents with fever and widespread tenderness around an erythematous area on the leg. What is the preferred oral antibiotic treatment?
A. Ceftriaxone 50mg/kg once
B. Clindamycin 20-30 mg/kg/day divided TID
C. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 90 mg/kg/day divided BID
D. Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim 8-10 mg/kg/day divided BID
Answer: C. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 90 mg/kg/day divided BID
(Augmentin)
What is the first-line topical treatment for mild impetigo involving only 1 or 2 lesions?
A. Hydrocortisone 1% cream
B. Mupirocin ointment (Bactroban) TID x 7 days
C. Clotrimazole 1% cream BID
D. Bacitracin ointment TID
Answer: B. Mupirocin ointment (Bactroban) TID x 7 days
A 6-year-old child presents with a red, swollen area around the nose and mouth that has developed yellow, crusty lesions. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Contact dermatitis
B. Impetigo
C. Cellulitis
D. Candida diaper dermatitis
*Answer:** B. Impetigo
What secondary site should be examined for Staphylococcus aureus colonization if a child has recurrent impetigo
A. Scalp
B. Nares
C. Axillae
D. Inguinal folds
Answer: B. Nares
Explanation: The nares are a common colonization site for Staphylococcus aureus, which could serve as a reservoir causing recurrent infections.
An adolescent recently developed folliculitis after using a community hot tub, presenting with erythematous papules/pustules at the base of hair follicles on the trunk.
Question:
5. What should be recommended for immediate care of this folliculitis?
A. Begin oral antibiotics and refer to primary care doctor
B. Apply warm compresses and Mupirocin ointment TID x 7-10 days
C. Use of hydrocortisone cream and antihistamines for itching
D. Immediate surgical excision of affected area
Apply warm compresses and Mupirocin ointment TID x 7-10 days
Explanation: Warm compresses and topical antibiotics can effectively manage most cases of folliculitis, especially when related to environmental factors like hot tubs.
A 5-year-old girl presents with a swollen, erythematous area on her left lower leg that is warm to touch, alongside a fever and recent sore throat history.
What diagnostic testing should be performed to properly assess the severity and cause of the condition?**
A. CBC and blood cultures
B. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
C. Skin biopsy
D. None, based solely on clinical appearance
*Answer:** A. CBC and blood cultures
Explanation: CBC and blood cultures help in determining the extent of infection and identifying pathogens, guiding appropriate treatment.
Monitoring and Investigating Non-Responsive Cellulitis
A young boy presents with a red-hot plaque on his cheek that has poor demarcation, swelling, tenderness, and a history of fever. Suspecting periorbital cellulitis, the healthcare provider needs to decide on initial management.
What is the appropriate initial management for periorbital cellulitis?**
A. Application of topical antibiotics around the eyes
B. Immediate initiation of oral antibiotics and close follow-up
C. Use of warm compresses to alleviate symptoms
D. Immediate surgical drainage of abscess if present
Answer: B. Immediate initiation of oral antibiotics and close follow-up gravation
Explanation: Periorbital cellulitis is a serious condition that demands prompt antibiotic treatment and close monitoring to prevent deeper infections such as orbital cellulitis.
A 7-year-old child presents with widespread impetigo after sustaining minor trauma. Despite cleaning crusts and applying Mupirocin, there is no improvement after three days.
A. Switch to using a stronger topical antibiotic
B. Prescribe an oral antibiotic like Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
C. No further treatment is needed, monitor for another week
D. Recommend a topical antifungal cream
B. Prescribe an oral antibiotic like Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Explanation: If topical treatment fails, oral antibiotics are indicated to ensure systemic absorption and reach to all affected areas.
A nurse practitioner examines a 4-year-old child who has a few vesicular lesions with an erythematous base around the nose. The lesions have ruptured and formed honey-colored crusts.
Question:
1. What is the first step in treating these impetigo lesions?
A. Prescribe oral antibiotics immediately
B. Clean the area with mild soap and water and apply Mupirocin ointment TID for 7 days
C. Apply hydrocortisone cream TID for 7 days
D. Refer to a dermatologist immediately
Answer: B. Clean the area with mild soap and water and apply Mupirocin ointment TID for 7 days
Explanation: The initial step in managing localized impetigo is to clean the lesions with mild soap and water to remove crusts and then apply a topical antibiotic like Mupirocin.
Treatment of Impetigo in a Child
- Presentation: 4-year-old with vesicular lesions and honey-colored crusts.
Initial Treatment:** Clean with mild soap and water, apply Mupirocin ointment TID for 7 days.
