PED- TEST 2- DERM WEEK 1/1 Flashcards
WEEK 1.1
What is scaling caused by?
a) Thickening and shedding of the stratum corneum
b) Chronic inflammation from an autoimmune disorder
c) Bacterial infection
d) Viral rash
a) Thickening and shedding of the stratum corneum
What do you see in lichenification?
b) Skin lines or markings
What causes lichenification?
a) Dermal infection
b) Epidermis is thickened due to rubbing against the skin
c) Allergic reaction to medication
d) Genetic mutation
b) Epidermis is thickened due to rubbing against the skin
What is visible in crusting?
a) Smooth, shiny skin
b) Dried collection of serum or cellular debris
c) Pus-filled blisters
d) Hypopigmented patches
b) Dried collection of serum or cellular debris
How do scars appear?
a) Flaky and dry
b) Thickened, firm, and sometimes discolored collection of connective tissue
c) Fluid-filled sacs
d) Red, itchy rash
b) Thickened, firm, and sometimes discolored collection of connective tissue
What causes scars?
a) Bacterial infection
b) Inflammatory process
c) Dermal damage
d) Allergic reaction
) Dermal damage
What is seen in excoriation?
a) Smooth, hairless patches
b) Superficial linear erosion
c) Large blisters with clear fluid
d) Crusty, yellow lesions
b) Superficial linear erosion
What usual cause leads to excoriation especially in children?
a) Bacterial infections
b) Excessive scratching
c) Sun exposure
d) Allergic reactions
b) Excessive scratching
What characterizes an ulcer?
a) Formation of thick crusts
b) Deeper depression with the loss of the whole epidermis
c) Superficial red patches
d) Raised red nodules
b) Deeper depression with the loss of the whole epidermis
What potential outcome can occur after an ulcer has healed?
a) Discoloration
b) Formation of scars
c) Scaling
d) Presents as plaques
b) Formation of scars
What does a fissure look like?
a) Raised bumps b) Linear break in the skin's surface c) Circular sores d) Scaling patches
b) Linear break in the skin’s surface
How might a patient describe a fissure?
a) Itchy
b) Painful
c) Numb
d) Swollen
b) Painful
What do you see in erosion?
a) Deep pits in the skin reaching the dermis b) Shallow depression with loss of superficial epidermis c) Raised, red nodules d) Hyperpigmented areas
b) Shallow depression with loss of superficial epidermis
. A 35-year-old patient presents with red, scaly patches on their elbows and knees. The patient mentions that the patches have been present for several months and seem to build up and peel off. What would be your initial diagnosis, and what primary lesion characteristics are you observing?
The patient is likely presenting with psoriasis. The primary lesion characteristics observed are scaling and plaques
How would you differentiate between a lichenified lesion and a nodule on a patient’s skin?
A lichenified lesion is characterized by thickening of the epidermis with exaggerated skin lines or markings, usually due to chronic rubbing.
A nodule, on the other hand, is an elevated, solid lesion greater than 1 cm in diameter with a rounded surface.
Match the following descriptions with the appropriate lesion:
Elevated solid lesion <1 cm in diameter?
- a) Papule
- b) Vesicle
- c) Wheal
a) Papule
Match the following descriptions with the appropriate lesion:
Fluid-filled lesion <1 cm in diameter.
- a) Papule
- b) Vesicle
- c) Wheal
B- vesicle
Matching lesion types with descriptions:
- c) Pink edematous papule or plaque that resolves within 24 hours.
- c) Wheal
True or False: Purpura lesions are caused by extravascular blood into the skin and do not
True
Differentiate between a pustule and a vesicle based on their content?
A vesicle is a fluid-filled lesion that is typically clear or tan in color and less than 1 cm in diameter. In contrast, a pustule is filled with pus and usually associated with erythema
A patient reports a sudden onset of red-purple macules and plaques over their lower legs which do not blanch with pressure. They have not experienced any recent trauma. What is the most likely diagnosis, and what primary lesion are you identifying?
The most likely diagnosis is purpura. The primary lesion identified is red-purple macules or plaques caused by extravascular blood.
A patient has a cyst on their back. What is a cyst, and how would you explain the difference between a cyst and other similar lesions such as vesicles or pustules to the patient?
A cyst is a raised papule or nodule with an epidermal lining, filled with solid material. Unlike vesicles that are fluid-filled and clear, and pustules that are pus-filled, cysts are not transparent and contain solid material.
Which primary lesion is described as having a flat, broad surface area greater than 1 cm in diameter?
Plaque
Patient presents with a palpable, round lesion greater than 1 cm in diameter. What type of primary lesion does this description fit? What further assessment would you conduct to confirm this diagnosis?
The description fits a nodule. Further assessment would involve palpation to determine the consistency, mobility, and depth of the nodule, as well as reviewing the patient’s medical history and possibly ordering imaging or a biopsy for further evaluation.