Ped ABD Quiz Flashcards
stopped, clotted, can’t pass through
stenosis
where is fluid stored in the stomach
antrum
what is the movement of food called
peristalsis
hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is more common in? what is the ration
males
5:1
HPS clinical symptoms
vomiting
dehydration and weight loss
male infants 3-6 wks
clinical palpation of an olive shaped mass
HPS can be shown by a clinical palpation of
an olive shaped mass
what is the method of choice for pylorus and pyloric stenosis
ultrasound
What happens if there is no stenosis
the antrum will fill and continue through the sphincter
frequency and transducer used
linear and then curved
5-12MHz
how do you image the pylorus in longitudinal
place transducer transverse below xiphoid process then rotate and oblique until pylorus is long
what does the longitudinal plane/transverse image of the pylorus resemble
bagel or donut
abnormal criteria for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
muscle width greater than 5.5mm
pyloric canal length greater than 17mm
pyloric muscle length greater than 20mm
no peristalsis through pylorus
in HPS, what does the clinical olive resemble sonographically
sonolucent doughnut medial to the gallbladder and anterior to the right kidney
what is the appendix
long, tubular structure extending from the cecum
the appendix can extend from the cecum in any of the following directions
superiorly behind cecum
medially behind ileum and mesentery
downward and medial into true pelvis
what is mcburney’s point
location of appendix found at midpoint between the right anteriosuperior iliac spine to the umbilicus
2nd most common acute abdominal inflammatory process in children
appendicitis
What happens with appendicitis
the lumen becomes obstructed and infected
is appendicitis progression faster in children or adults
children
appendicitis clinical signs
RLQ pain nausea/vomiting increased WBC fever rebound pain
classical physical and laboratory findings may be absent making diagnosis difficult. T or F
true
should the survey of abdomen or pelvis be done in men or women first
women
is nonvisualization a definite indication of a normal appendix
no
appendicitis sonographic findings
diameter more than 6mm with compression
RLQ phlegmon or abscess with or without appendicolith
free peritoneal fluid
appendicolith
what is appendicolith
stones in the appendix
what is the ratio for appendicitis
1:1 (half and half)
free peritoneal fluid may be the lone sonographic finding. T or F
true
most common acute abdominal disorder in early childhood
intussusception
ratio for intussusception
males 2:1
intussusception symptoms
colicky colon
vomiting
bloody stools
possible palpable abdominal mass
with intussusception, if patient presents with classic signs and no peritoneal symptoms or fever, what may be used
barium or air enema
what is used for diagnostic confirmation and to attempt reduction
barium or air enema
intussusception transverse sonographic appearance resembles
target sign or doughnut
intussusception longitudinal sonographic appearance resembles
pseudo kidney or sandwich
duodenal atresia is referred to as the
double bubble sign
