Ped ABD Quiz

Question 1

stopped, clotted, can’t pass through

Answer 1

stenosis

Question 2

where is fluid stored in the stomach

Answer 2

antrum

Question 3

what is the movement of food called

Answer 3

peristalsis

Question 4

hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is more common in? what is the ration

Answer 4

males

5:1

Question 5

HPS clinical symptoms

Answer 5

vomiting
dehydration and weight loss
male infants 3-6 wks
clinical palpation of an olive shaped mass

Question 6

HPS can be shown by a clinical palpation of

Answer 6

an olive shaped mass

Question 7

what is the method of choice for pylorus and pyloric stenosis

Answer 7

ultrasound

Question 8

What happens if there is no stenosis

Answer 8

the antrum will fill and continue through the sphincter

Question 9

frequency and transducer used

Answer 9

linear and then curved

5-12MHz

Question 10

how do you image the pylorus in longitudinal

Answer 10

place transducer transverse below xiphoid process then rotate and oblique until pylorus is long

Question 11

what does the longitudinal plane/transverse image of the pylorus resemble

Answer 11

bagel or donut

Question 12

abnormal criteria for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Answer 12

muscle width greater than 5.5mm
pyloric canal length greater than 17mm
pyloric muscle length greater than 20mm
no peristalsis through pylorus

Question 13

in HPS, what does the clinical olive resemble sonographically

Answer 13

sonolucent doughnut medial to the gallbladder and anterior to the right kidney

Question 14

what is the appendix

Answer 14

long, tubular structure extending from the cecum

Question 15

the appendix can extend from the cecum in any of the following directions

Answer 15

superiorly behind cecum
medially behind ileum and mesentery
downward and medial into true pelvis

Question 16

what is mcburney’s point

Answer 16

location of appendix found at midpoint between the right anteriosuperior iliac spine to the umbilicus

Question 17

2nd most common acute abdominal inflammatory process in children

Answer 17

appendicitis

Question 18

What happens with appendicitis

Answer 18

the lumen becomes obstructed and infected

Question 19

is appendicitis progression faster in children or adults

Answer 19

children

Question 20

appendicitis clinical signs

Answer 20

RLQ pain
nausea/vomiting
increased WBC
fever
rebound pain

Question 21

classical physical and laboratory findings may be absent making diagnosis difficult. T or F

Answer 21

true

Question 22

should the survey of abdomen or pelvis be done in men or women first

Answer 22

women

Question 23

is nonvisualization a definite indication of a normal appendix

Answer 23

no

Question 24

appendicitis sonographic findings

Answer 24

diameter more than 6mm with compression
RLQ phlegmon or abscess with or without appendicolith
free peritoneal fluid
appendicolith

Question 25

what is appendicolith

Answer 25

stones in the appendix

Question 26

what is the ratio for appendicitis

Answer 26

1:1 (half and half)

Question 27

free peritoneal fluid may be the lone sonographic finding. T or F

Answer 27

true

Question 28

most common acute abdominal disorder in early childhood

Answer 28

intussusception

Question 29

ratio for intussusception

Answer 29

males 2:1

Question 30

intussusception symptoms

Answer 30

colicky colon vomiting bloody stools possible palpable abdominal mass

Question 31

with intussusception, if patient presents with classic signs and no peritoneal symptoms or fever, what may be used

Answer 31

barium or air enema

Question 32

what is used for diagnostic confirmation and to attempt reduction

Answer 32

barium or air enema

Question 33

intussusception transverse sonographic appearance resembles

Answer 33

target sign or doughnut

Question 34

intussusception longitudinal sonographic appearance resembles

Answer 34

pseudo kidney or sandwich

Question 35

duodenal atresia is referred to as the

Answer 35

double bubble sign