Thorax Evaluation by Sonography Flashcards
List 3 indications for ultrasound guidance
vein mapping
amniocentesis
musculoskeletal pain injections
What type of medication must be discontinued by the patient for a period of time before a biopsy can be performed
anticoagulants
A patient should always be informed of
potential risks and what to expect during a biopsy procedure
One of the necessary steps of the biopsy procedure
sterile preparation
National safety standard set by JCAHO performed in order to verify patient information
Time out AKA procedural pause
Special precautions may need to be taken pre-biopsy for patients with
coagulopathy issues
collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity
pneumothorax
what type of imaging artifact is seen with pnuemothorax
comet tail
what is the purpose of a thoracentesis and paracentesis
to decrease accumulated fluid
the sheaths that encase the rectus abdominus muscles join at the midline to form the
linea alba
if a rectus sheath hematoma occurs _______ to the arcuate line it may cross midline and extend into the pelvis
inferior
adrenal hemorrhage is most common in what type of patient
neonate
may or may not result in a hyper functioning of the adrenal gland
an adrenal adenoma
the Crus of the diaphragm is located anterior to the _____ and posterior to the _____
aorta
ivc
describe the sonographic appearance of the adrenal cortex
hypoechoic and typically less echogenic than the surrounding retroperitoneal fat
the adrenal medulla is seen as an ______ linear structure within the adrenal gland
echogenic
what percent of patients with an adrenal neuroblastoma will present with metastatic disease
50%
Which portion of the adrenal gland produces steroid hormones
adrenal cortex
what portion of the adrenal gland produces catecholamines
adrenal medulla
a myelolipoma is associated with which imaging artifact
propagation speed artifact
most common extra-cranial, solid, childhood malignancy
adrenal neuroblastoma
results in excessive cortisol secretion due to an increase in ACTH, from the pituitary adenoma
cushing’s disease
adrenal virilism/androgenital syndrome results in excessive androgen secretion which produces symptoms such as
hirsutism
baldness
acne
amenorrhea
an excessive accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
ascites
List the causes of ascites
cirrhosis heart failure cancer nephrotic syndrome budd-chiari syndrome hypoalbuminemia
most common tumor of the adrenal gland occurring during infancy
adrenal neuroblastoma
an adrenal tumor originating in the adrenal medulla that secretes catecholamines
adrenal pheochromocytoma
what is the most common lymphoma cell type
non hodgkin disease
