Pectoral Region & Axilla Flashcards
The pectoral girdle (clavicles and scapulae) is connected anteriorly to the…
manubrium of the sternum
Components of the sternum
manubrium (juglar notch, clavicular notch, sternal angle)
Body
xiphoid process
Landmarks of the clavicle
acromial end (lateral, articulates w/ acromion process of scapula)
sternal end (medial)
trapezoid line and concord tubercle (lateral)
groove for subclavius m.
impression for costoclavicular ligament (anchor to 1st rib)
Landmarks of the scapula
coracoid process (thumb) acromion process glenoid fossa (head of humerus) suprascapular notch sub scapular fossa (ant., attach for subscapularis m.) supraspinous fossa (post.) infraspinous fossa (post.) spine of scapula (post.)
clavicle articulates w/ axial skeleton via
sternoclavicular joint
clavicle articulates with scapula via
acromioclavicular joint
coracoclavicular joint
scapulothoracic joint
a physiological joint
- scapula overlying the posterior thoracic wall
- movement occurs in all directions
humerus is connected to pectoral girdle by the
glenohumeral joint
- a ball and socket joint
subacromial space and scapulothoracic joint are
physiological (functional) joints
which ligament reinforces the clavicle laterally
acromioclavicular ligament
coracoacromial ligament
between coracoid process (ant) and acromion process (post)
Ligaments of the pectoral girdle region
acromioclavicular ligament
coracoacromial ligament
coracoclavicular ligament
sternoclavicular ligament
costoclavicular ligament
function and components of the coracoclavicular ligament
stabilizes lateral end of clavicle
2 ligaments: trapezoid and conoid
which ligament anchors medial end of clavicle to manuibrium
sternoclavicular ligament
which ligament anchors medial end of clavicle to 1st rib
costoclavicular ligament
Piano-key sign
via fall on shoulder or outstretched hand
- humerus displaces lateral end of clavicle
- injury to ACROMIOCLAVICULAR ligament and/or CORACOCLAVICULAR ligament
- lat end of clavicle is elevated away from rest of scapula
Clavicle fracture
via fall on outstretched hand/directly on shoulder/high impact accident (car/bike)
- comm frac site: btw lateral and middle thirds
- immobilized w/ sling, surgery if bones are fragmented
4 anterior axioappendicular m. of pectoral region
pectoralis major m
pectoralis minor m
serratus anterior m
subclavius m
medial border of deltopectoral triangle
pectorals major m
which vein ascends up lateral upper extremity from forearm, along deltopectoral groove
cephalic vein
which vein ascends up medial side of upper arm
basilic vein (becomes axillary vein)
boundaries of the axilla
pectoralis maj. and min. (ant.)
serratus anterior (med.)
subscapularis, teres major and latissimus dorsi (post.)
inter tubercular groove (lat.)
axillary skin fold (base)
apex (btwn clavicle, 1st rib, and scapula)
contents of the axilla
lymphatics
axillary artery
axillary vein
brachial plexus