Mediastina Flashcards
boundaries of anterior mediastinum
anterior - transversus thoracis m., sternum, costal cartilages
posterior - fibrous pericardium
lateral - parietal pleura
contents of anterior mediastinum
sternopericardial ligaments thymus (pre-puberty) internal thoracic vessels fat, lymph nodes nerves
n. of cardiac plexus mostly arise from…
vagus (CN X)
sympathetic trunk
layers of mediastina
- veins
- great arterial vessels, ligament arteriosum
- trachea, vagus n. esophagus, thoracic aorta
- thoracic duct and azygos venous system
- mediastinal autonomic n.
retroesophageal R subclavian
no brachiocephalic trunk. RSA coming right off aorta and traveling behind esophagus
40% of Down syndrome pt
ligamentum arteriosum
vestige of fetal life ductus arteriosus, scars down bc of high oxygen content
from pulmonary trunk to arch of aorta
shunts venous blood into the aorta
point of weakness in trauma
ductus arteriosus
blood that gets into fetal RV and through pulmonary trunk takes shunt (ductus arteriosus)
blood is partly venous but also has maternal oxygenated blood
fetal blood flow
umbilical vein from placenta –> liver –> RA –> deflected toward foramen ovale by valve of IVC –> LV then out
ligamentum venosum
scarring down of umbilical vein after birth
if aspirate something, would it go to R or L bronchus?
R bronchi - more vertically oriented and larger
primary target of vagus n.
abd and below, but also innervates larynx
esophagus
long tube from C6 (cricopharynxgeus m.) to T10)
landmark for IVC
T8
landmark for esophageal hiatus
T10
landmark for thoracic aorta becoming abdominal
T12
main trunks of of nerves covering esophagus
mainly from vagus m.
also some sympathetic fibers
L vagus n. travels _____ to esophagus
R vagus n. travels _____ to esophagus
L vagus –> anterior to esophagus
R vagus –> posterior to esophagus
“LARP”
Gives more clear views of heart and valves, particularly useful it pt is obese
trans-esophageal echocardiography
hiatal hernia
weakening of R crus of diaphragm, pt of stomach goes into thorax
comm in elderly
thoracic (descending) aorta
T4/T5 to T12
firmly tethered by posterior intercostals
other unpaired branches
- esophageal a.
- bronchial a.
- pericardial a. (to dorsal pericardium)