Pectoral Region and Shoulder Flashcards

Also has some embryology

1
Q

When do somites originate?

A

3rd week

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2
Q

When does mesoderm differentiate?

A

Day 20

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3
Q

How many pairs of somites?

A

44

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4
Q

Subdivisions of somites

A

-Sclerotome: Precursor to bone and cartilage (ribs and vertebrae)
-Dermomyotome

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5
Q

Segmental distribution of myotomes is seen when?

A

6 weeks

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6
Q

When do upper limb buds appear as elevations (and what level)?

A

4th week, C5-T1

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7
Q

How long after upper limb buds do lower buds appear?

A

2 weeks after

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8
Q

When do limbs undergo 90 degree torsion?

A

7 weeks

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9
Q

Syndactyly

A

Fusion of 2 or more digits

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10
Q

Polydactyly

A

Extra digits

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11
Q

Macrodactyly

A

Enlarged digits

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12
Q

Adactyly

A

Absence of digits

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13
Q

Ectrodactyly

A

Lobster claw deformity

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14
Q

Amelia

A

Complete absence of one or more extremities

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15
Q

Meromelia

A

Partial absence of one or more extremities

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16
Q

Phocomelia

A

Shortened lower extremities

17
Q

Components of synovial joint

A

Articular cartilage, outer fibrous and inner synovial membrane

18
Q

SC Joint Type

A

Synovial saddle

19
Q

SC Joint DF

A

-Elevation/depression
-Protraction/retraction
-Posterior/anterior rotation

20
Q

Coracohumeral Ligament

A

Greatest stiffness

21
Q

Superior Glenohumeral Ligament

A

Limits inferior translation and ER

22
Q

Middle Glenohumeral Ligament

A

Limits anterior translation

23
Q

Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament

A

Hammock

24
Q

Anterior/Posterior SC Ligament

A

Checks excessive anterior/posterior motion

25
Q

Costoclavicular Ligament

A

Checks clavicular elevation and superior glide

26
Q

Interclavicular Ligament

A

Checks excessive depression/downward glide

27
Q

AC Joint Type and DF

A

Plane joint, 3 DF

28
Q

Coracoacromial Ligament Role

A

Roof of subacromial joint

29
Q

Coracoclavicular Ligament: Trapezoid

A

Most lateral, guides clavicle during rotation

30
Q

Coracoclavicular Ligament: Conoid

A

Triangular shape, prevents vertical displacement