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Connective Tissues > Pectoral Region And Breast > Flashcards

Pectoral Region And Breast Flashcards

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1
Q

What is fascia

A

Connective tissue surrounding muscles, groups of muscles, blood vessels and nerves, binding some structures together while permitting others to slide smoothly over each other.

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2
Q

Clavicle appears by … weeks of intra uterine life

A

5th and 6th

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3
Q

The first bone to begin to ossify is

A

Clavicle

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4
Q

Which muscles are attached to the clavicle

A

Lateral third
Trapezius
Deltoid

Medial third
Subclavian
Pectoralis major
Sternocleidomastoid

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5
Q

Where is the subckavius muscle attached

A

Inferior groove of clavice

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6
Q

Pectoralis major attached ?

A

Anterior surface of clavicle

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7
Q

Clavicle demarcated zones of lymphatic drainage. Which zones are these

A

Above clavicle lymph drains into inferior jugular nodes

Below clacicel lymph drains to axillary nodes

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8
Q

Functions of clavicle

A

Attachment to muscles
Holds brachium away from trunk
Transmits forces from upper limb to axial skeleton
Attaches upper limb to axial skeleton at sternoclavicular joint. Sole articulation of upper limb to trunk

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9
Q

Where is jugular notch located

A

Inferior border of T2 vertebra

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10
Q

Manubrium located where?

A

T3 and T4 vertebral bodies

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11
Q

Location of body of sternum

A

T5-T9 vertebrae

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12
Q

Action of pectoralis major

A

Medial rotator and powerful adductor of arm.
When humerus is fixed, helps pull trunk over the arms
Clavicular head helps in flexion at shoulder joint

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13
Q

Nerve supply of pectoralis major

A

Medial and lateral pectoral nerve

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14
Q

Hypertrophy?

A

An increase and growth of muscle cells

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15
Q

Insertion of pectoralis minor?

A

Medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scalpula

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16
Q

Action of pectoralis minor

A

Stabilizes scalpula bone with serrated anterior muscle by pulling it inferiority and anteriorly towards the thoracic wall. As in touching an object just out of reach.

17
Q

Nerve supply of pectoralis minor

A

Medial pectoral nerve

18
Q

Origin of subclavius muscle

A

1st rib, close to costochondral juction

19
Q

Action of subclavius muscle

A

Stabilizes scalpula at sternoclavicular joint

In fracture of clavicle, serves a s cushion to prevent jagged edge from lacerating subclavian vessels

20
Q

Serratus anterior origin and insertion

A

Series of digitations from upper 8 ribs and inner surface of scapula

21
Q

Nerve supply of serratus anterior

A

Long thoracic nerve

22
Q

Clavipectorial fascia is pierced by ?

A

Cephalic vein, lateral pectoral nerve, thoracoacromial artery

23
Q

Base of breast extends from?

A

2nd to 6th rib in the mid clavicular line

24
Q

Nipple locater where?

A

4th intercostal space, lateral to mid clavicular line

25
Q

Arterial supply to the breast is by?

A

Medial mammary branches of internal thoracic artery
Lateral mammary branches of lateral thoracic artery and anterior intercostal arteries
Branches from thorackaxromiank trunk (PACD)
Pectoral branch
Acromial branch
Clavicular branch
Deltoid branch

26
Q

Veinous drainage of blood is by

A

Axillary vein and internal thoracic vein

27
Q

Innervation of breast

A

Anterior and lateral cutaneous branches if 4th to 6th intercostal nerves

28
Q

Most ot the lymph from the subareolar lymphatic plexus drains into the … via the…

A

Axillary lymph nodes via the anterior (pectoral) lymph nodes

Most of the remaining goes into the parasternal lymph nodes
Small amount goes into the opposite breasts

29
Q

Skin dumpling of the breast is due to

A

Retraction or tension of the suspnsory ligaments as tumor begins to grow and occupy nore space

30
Q

Polymastia and polythelia?

A

Supernumeray breasts and supernumerary nipples

Nb. Nipple development without breast tissue is amazia
Amastia is no breast at all

31
Q

What is a breast abcess

A

Localized pocket of infection containing pus in breast tissue. When it happens in woman who recently gave birth, infection is known as postpartum mastitis

32
Q

A post pubertal Male eith a large breast has a condition known as

A

Gynaecomastia. Due to hormonal imbalances. See klinefelter syndrome(xxy trisomy)

33
Q

Deep fascia is made up of which type of connective tissue?

A

Dense

34
Q

The important internal group features are

A

Secretory glands, lactiferous ducts and lactiferpus sinuses

35
Q

Innervation of the breast

A

Anterior and lateral cutaneous branches 4th through 6th intercostal nerves

Connective Tissues (17 decks)

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