Axilla And Bp

Question 1

Axillary fascia?

Answer 1

Fascia forming floor of armpit

Question 2

Axillary apex(cervical axillary canal) is bounded by

Answer 2

First rib medially, clavicle anteriorly and scalpula posteriorly

Question 3

Axilla boundaries are

Answer 3

Apex, floor, 4 sides(anterior, posterior, lateral, medial)

Question 4

The floor of the axilla extends from the arm to chest wall along

Answer 4

Rib 4

Question 5

Anterior wall of the axilla has 2 layers. They are

Answer 5

Pectoralis major and deep pectoral fascia

Pectoralis minor and clavipectoral fascia

Also, anterior axillary fold

Question 6

Posterior wall of axilla is formed by?

Answer 6

Scalpula
subscalpularis
Teresa major
Latissimus dorsi
Posterior axillary fold

Question 7

Medial wall or axilla is formed by

Answer 7

Upper thoracic wall. First 4 ribs and associated icm and upper part of serratus anterior muscle

Question 8

Lateral wall is formed by

Answer 8

Intertubercula sulcus of humerus. arrow and bony

Question 9

Muscles of the axilla are

Answer 9

Biceps brachi and coracobrachialis

Question 10

Function of biceps brachi

Answer 10

Supination and flexion of arm

Question 11

Action of coracobrachialis

Answer 11

Flexor of arm at elbow joint

Question 12

Where does axillary artery begin and end?

Answer 12

Outer border of first ribs and lower end of teres major muscle

Question 13

Axilary artery is divided into three parts by the pectoralis minor muscle. List the subdovidosns

Answer 13

Super thoracic

Thoracoacromial
Lateral thoracic

Subscalpular
Anterior circumflex humeral
Posterior circumflex humeral

Question 14

Axillary is formed by

Answer 14

Basilic vein and basal comitantes of brachial artery

Question 15

Lymph node groups

Answer 15

Posterior(subscalpular group)
Anterior(pectoral group)
Apical group
Lateral(numeral group)
Central nodes

Question 16

How many spinal nerves are there

Answer 16

31 pairs

Question 17

Where is the brachial plexus found and parts?

Answer 17

Root of the neck and axilla

Made up of roots trunks divisions cords and terminal branches

Question 18

How is the brachial plexus formed

Answer 18

Union of the ventral ramus of the lower 4 cervical spinal nerves and the first thoracic nerve
The roots unite to form the superior middle and inferior trunks
Trunks divided into anterior and posterior divisions
The divisions of the trunks form three chords

Question 19

Branches from roots of bp and functukns

Answer 19

Dorsal scapular nerve -supplies romboid muscles at the back
Long thoracic nerve - serratus anterior muscle
Nerve to subclavius - subclavius muscle

Question 20

Superior trunk branches

Answer 20

Suprascapular nerve

Supply muscles on dorsal surface of scalpula

Question 21

Lateral cord is made up of which nerves?

Answer 21

Lateral pectoral 5 6 7
Musculocutaneous 5 6 7
Lateral root of medial (5)6 7

Question 22

Medial cord made up of which nerves

Answer 22

Medial pectoral 8 1
Medial cutaneous of forearm 8 1
Medial cutaneous of arm 8 1
Ulnar 7 8 1
Medial root of median 8 1

Question 23

Posterior cord made up of

Answer 23

Upper subscalpular 5 6
Thoracodorsal 6 7 8
Lower subscalpular 5 6
Axillary 5 6
Radial 5 6 7 8 1

Question 24

What are the 2 main variations of bp

Answer 24

Prefixed c4 to c8

And post fixed c6 to t2

Question 25

Musculocitaneous nerve supplies?

Answer 25

Coracobrachialis and biceps brachi

Muscles in the anterior segment of forearm

Question 26

Lateral pectoral nerve supplies?

Answer 26

Pectoralis major and pectoralis minor

Question 27

Upper plexus palsies occur

Answer 27

In the c5 and c6 roots and trunks

Question 28

Causes of upper plexus palsies?

Answer 28

Excessibe increase in angle btn head and shoulder of an infant during birth
Severe fall on the side of the head and shoulder in adult.

Deformity(waiter hunting for a tip(erb duchenne paralyisis)
Sensory loss over lateral aspect of upper arm

Question 29

Lower plexus causes?

Answer 29

Upward traction of arm causing excessive increase in angle btn trunk and arm. Eg in a forcible breach delivery. Klumpke’s paralyisis

Question 30

Cephalic vein found where?

Answer 30

Deltopectoral groove

Question 31

Node that receives cancer cells first are called

Answer 31

Centinnel(pectoral/anterior group)

Question 32

What are the general principles of limb innervation

Answer 32

1. Nerves first form a plexus before they supply the limb
2. Limbs are innervated by ventral rami
3. Higher roots supply more proximal muscles and lower ones supply more distally located muscles
4. Anterior divisions supply flexor muscles while posterior divisions supply extensors
5. In cutaneous supply, higher rami supply the lateral part of the limb while lower ones supply the medial part
6. hilton’s law states that for a moveable joint nerve supply of the joint is the same as nerve supply of muscles that act on the joint or nerves that cross the joint