Pectoral Musculature Flashcards
Name the heads of the Pec Major
clavicular head and sterno-costal head
attachment sites of the pec major heads
clavicular head - medial clavicle
sterno-costal head - lateral sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 2-6, and theexternal abdominal oblique aponeurosis
where do the fibers of the pec major insert?
lateral crest of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
motions of the pec major? which fibers?
sternocostal head :
adduction of arm
internal rotation of arm
horizontal flexion
extend the arm from flexed position
clavicular head:
shoulder flexion
what is the anterior axillary fold?
fold of tissue that makes the anterior wall of the axilla by the lateral border of pec major
what encases the pec minor?
clavipectoral fascia
where does the pec minor attach
ribs 3-5 to the coracoid process
what is the motion of the pec minor
draws scapula inferiorly and anteriorly
stabilizes and depresses the shoulder
what are the layers of the intercostal muscles
External Intercostal muscle
internal intercostal muscle
innermost intercostal muscle
where does the external intercostal muscle attach
lower border of the ribs to the upper border of the rib below
what fiber direction does the external intercostal muscle have
inferiomedial fibers
“hands in the pocket”
what does the external intercostal muscle do?
elevates ribs for inspiration
what does the external intercostal muscle turn into?
becomes anterior membrane
what is the attachment point of the internal intercostal muscles
inner surface of the rib to the upper border of the rib below
how do the fibers of the internal intercostal muscles run?
inferolaterally
opposite of external intercostal muscles
what does the internal intercostal muscle turn into?
internal intercostal membrane
what is the internal intercostal muscle’s action
depression of the ribs during forced expiration
where can the innermost intercostal muscles be found?
lateral thoracic wall (angles of the ribs)
what innervates the intercostal muscles? what is the nerve accompanied by?
intercostal spinal nerve
intercostal artery/vein to form a neurovascular bundle
where is the intercostal nerve?
between innermost and internal intercostal muscle
where is the trasversus thoracis?
internal aspect of the anterior thoracic wall
where does the transversus thoracis attach
xiphoid process / lower body of sternum to ribs2-6
what does the trasnversus thoracis do?
lowering the ribs during forced expiration
what are the movements of the thorax walls during respiration
vertically
transversely
anterioposteriorly
what is occuring during vertical expansion of the thorax?
diaphragm contraction and extension of thoracic spine
what is occuring during transverse thoracic expansion
bucket-handle movement of ribs
what occurs during anterioposterior thorax expansion
elevation of sternum like a pump handle and anterior ends of ribs
what are the branches of the thoracic artery?
anterior intercostal arteries
musculophrenic artery
superior epigastric artery
where does the internal thoracic artery run
parallels the lateral border of the sternum in the anterior wall of thorax
level of the 6th costal cartilage
anterior intercostal artery supplies the…
thorax, intercostal muscles, medial breast and skin anteriorly
the musculophrenic artery supplies…
terminal branch of the internal thoracic artery to intercostal spaces 7, 8, & 9.
what is the thoracoacromial trunk? what does it divide into?
short branch of axillary artery
pectoral, clavicular, deltoid, acromial branches
what is the SALT?
serratus anterior supplied by long thoracic (artery/nerve)
what does the thoracic cavity contain
pleural sacs, cavities, lungs and mediastina
what does the parietal pleura line
costal, diaphragmatic, mediastinal, and cervical region
what is the “skin” of the lung
visceral pleura
what is the transitional area between visceral and parietal pleura
root of the lung
what is a a plueral reflection
when one region of parietal pleura transitions to a different region
what is a pleural recess? how much space is there usually
potential space is unoccupied by the lungs (2 rib difference)
what innervates the parietal pleura? where is pain found?
somatic fibers / locally
what is the name of the specific somatic nerve that innervates the pluera?
phrenic nerve / referred pain
where is the apex of the lung?
base of the neck superoanteriror to first rib
where is the base of the lung?
diaphragmatic surface
where is the hilus? what is important about this area?
mediastinal surface
where veins, bronchi, arteries leave the lung
how many lobes does the right lung have vs the left
3 vs 2
name the fissures of the right lung
oblique and horizontal
what innervates the lung?
vagal parasympathetic and thoracic sympathetic fibers
