Anterior Chest Wall Flashcards
what is the jugular notch? what originates there and where does it go?
it is where the clavicle begins
acromion process of the scapula
at what level is the male nipple at?
4th Intercostal Space
what innervates the nipple?
T4 spinal intercostal nerve
what is the cephalic vein? where does it lie in the chest cavity and where does it end?
superficial vein that extends the length of the upper limb
deltopectoral triangle
terminates
where does the cephalic vein lie in the chest cavity and where does it end?
deltopectoral triangle
pierces clavipectoral fascia to terminate in the axillary vein
what are the three parts of the sternum?
upper manubrium
middle body
lower xyphoid process
what is at the superior end of the manubrium?
suprasternal notch
what is the breast made of?
glandular lobules
what is a lactiferous duct / what do they contain? how many of them are there?
duct for collection of milk made in the lactiferous sinuses
15-22
what are cooper’s ligaments?
strands of connective tissue that extend from pectoral fascia to the skin
what joint is between the clavicle and sternum?
sternoclavicular joint
what is the sternal angle?
joining of the manubrium and body of the sternum
what makes the sternal angle important?
landmark that indicates attachment of 2nd rib. can be used to count ribs
what level of the ribs is the body of the sternum at
Ribs 2-7
what does the clavicle do? where is it normally fractured?
holds scapula away from the thorax
between the middle and lateral thirds
what are the “true ribs”
ribs 1-7
what attaches the ribs to the sternum?
costal cartilage
what number ribs are “false”? how do they attach to the sternum?
8-10
attach to costal cartilage superior to them via rib 7
what ribs are “floating”?
11-12
what issue occurs in 2% of the population causing compression issues with the brachial plexus and subclavian artery
supernumerary ribs
what does the intercostal space refer to?
area between adjacent ribs
at what intercostal space does the apex of the heart lie at?
5th ICS
3” from the midline on the left
what is a VAN? where is it located?
vein artery nerve bundle that runs along the inferior surface of the superior rib in the intercostal space
superior to inferior in the complex
what is of clinical importance in regards to a VAN complex?
when assessing the chest cavity it is important to gain access via the superior edge of the inferior rib
what is a breast?
modified sweat gland tissue in the superficial fascia
where does the tail of spence run?
into the axilla
what surrounds the nipple?
a pigmented areola
what is occuring if there is a dimpling effect on the skin of the breast?
tension on the ligaments possibly caused by a tumor
what is the vascular supply of the breast?
thoracic artery (lateral / internal branch)
intercostal arteries
pectoral branches of thoracoacromial trunk
how would cancer spread through the breast?
lymphatic drainage ducts
