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SEM 5: SAM 1 > PE of the Resp System > Flashcards

PE of the Resp System Flashcards

1
Q

_________ is considered the “large airways”

A

URT

(Nose, sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx, extrathoracic trachea)

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2
Q

What parts of the body are considered URT?

A

Nose, sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx, extrathoracic trachea

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3
Q

_________ is considered the “small airways”

A

Bronchi and bronchioles

(In the LRT)

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4
Q

What parts of the body are considered LRT?

A

Intrathoracic trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, pulmonary parenchyma, pulmonary arteries and veins, thoracic wall, diaphragm, etc.

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5
Q

Explain the characteristics of normal lung or breath sounds

A
  • Low frequency, quiet
  • Loudest during inspiration
  • Louder as ventilation increases (panting)
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6
Q

________ refers to an abnormal lung sounds

A

“Adventitial”

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7
Q

Lung sounds may also be referred to as _________

A

Bronchovesicular sounds

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8
Q

Bronchial or tracheal sounds have a _________ frequency compared to lung sounds

A

Higher

(louder sounds from bronchi and trachea than from lungs)

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9
Q

Which of the following would you expect to hear muffled lung sounds?

A. Pulmonary edema
B. Pleural effusion
C. Pneumonia

A

B. Pleural effusion

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10
Q

___________ is a discontinuous, low pitched fluttering sound

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

D. Stertor

(URT sound)

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11
Q

___________ is a continuous, high pitched sound

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

C. Stridor

(URT sound)

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12
Q

___________ is a discontinuous, “popping” sound

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

A. Crackles

(LRT sound)

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13
Q

___________ is a continuous, “squeaking” sound

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

B. Wheezes

(LRT sound)

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14
Q

Which of the following abnormal respiratory sounds originates from the nasal and/or pharyngeal regions?

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

D. Stertor

(URT sound)

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15
Q

Which of the following abnormal respiratory sounds originates from the larynx and/or extrathoracic regions?

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

C. Stridor

(URT sound)

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16
Q

Which of the following abnormal respiratory sounds is caused by narrowing (bronchoconstriction) of small airways?

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

Wheezes

(LRT sound)

17
Q

Where do fine crackle sounds originate from, and when are they heard (inspiration/expiration/both)?

A

Alveolar or bronchiolar regions, heard during the end of inspiration

18
Q

Where do harsh, course crackle sounds originate from, and when are they heard (inspiration/expiration/both)?

A

Central airways, heard during inspiration or expiration

19
Q

Which of the following usually occurs in association with expiratory dysfunction?

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

B. Wheezes

20
Q

When is stridor usually heard?

A

During inspiration, but may be heard during expiration

21
Q

Which abnormal respiratory sounds can be heard in a patient with laryngeal paralysis?

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

C. Stridor

(URT sound originating from the larynx)

22
Q

Which abnormal respiratory sounds are most likely to be heard in a brachycephalic with stenotic nares?

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

D. Stertor

(URT sound originating from the nasal and/or pharyngeal region)

23
Q

When is stertor usually heard?

A

During inspiration, but may be heard during expiration

(same as stridor)

24
Q

How does a patient compensate with a restrictive breathing pattern?

A

Shallow, rapid breaths - Decrease tidal volume and increase rate

25
Q

How does a patient with an obstructive breathing pattern compensate?

A

Taking slow, deep breaths - Decrease rate of inspiration or expiration

If obstruction in URT: Prolonged inspiration

If obstruction in the LRT: Prolonged expiration

26
Q

How does a patient with an upper airway obstruction compensate?

A
  • Taking slow, deep breaths
  • Prolonged inspiration
27
Q

How does a patient with a lower airway obstruction compensate?

A
  • Taking slow, deep breaths
  • Prolonged expiration
28
Q

True or False: Stertor is often exacerbated by activity and may be absent at rest

A

FALSE - Stridor

29
Q

True or False: Stertor is often more pronounced during rest/sleep

A

True

30
Q

Which abnormal respiratory sounds can be heard in a patient with pulmonary edema?

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

A. Crackles

31
Q

Which abnormal respiratory sounds can be heard in a patient with pneumonia?

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

A. Crackles

32
Q

Which abnormal respiratory sounds can be heard in a patient with pulmonary fibrosis?

A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
C. Stridor
D. Stertor

A

A. Crackles

SEM 5: SAM 1 (35 decks)

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