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gcse PE main one > PE component 1.1 > Flashcards

PE component 1.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the musculo-skeletal system made up of?

A

Muscles and bones

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2
Q

Name the 5 functions of the skeleton

A
  1. Protection of vital organs
  2. Muscle attachment
  3. Joints for movement
  4. Platelet, red and white blood cell production
  5. Storage of calcium and phosphorus
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3
Q

How does the skeleton protect vital organs in sport

A

The hard bones of the skeleton protect vital organs from being damaged. For example if a ball hits a person’s chest the ribs protect the heart and lungs

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4
Q

Give two examples of bones that protect vital organs

A

Cranium protects the brain

Ribs protect the heart and lungs

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5
Q

Why is it important the skeleton allows muscle attachment?

A

Muscles need to attach to bones (via tendons) so that when they contract movement can occur

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6
Q

Platelets are needed for…

A

Clotting the blood. It is platelets that form a scab when you cut yourself

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7
Q

There are 4 different classification of bones. What are they?

A
  1. Long
  2. Short
  3. Flat
  4. Irregular
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8
Q

Name three long bones

A 
Femur
Phalanges
Humerus
Ulna
Radius
Tibia
Fibula
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9
Q

Name two short bones

A

Carpals (wrist)

Tarsals (foot)

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10
Q

Name three flat bones

A 
Cranium
Patella
Scapula
Sternum
Clavicle
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11
Q

Name the main group of irregular bones

A

Vertebrae

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12
Q

What is a joint?

A

Where two or more bones meet and therefore movement can occur

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13
Q

Name the four different types of joints

A
  1. Hinge
  2. Ball and socket
  3. Pivot
  4. Condyloid
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14
Q

Name the 1 pivot joint in the body

A

Neck - atlas and axis

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15
Q

Name the 3 hinge joints in the body

A

Elbow
Knee
Ankle

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16
Q

Name the 2 ball and socket joints in the body

A

Shoulder

Hip

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17
Q

Name the 1 condyloid joint in the body

A

Wrist

18
Q

What movements are possible at a hinge joint?

A

Flexion

Extension

19
Q

What movements are possible at a ball and socket joint?

A 
Flexion
Extension
Rotation
Adduction
Abduction
Circumduction
20
Q

What movements are possible at a condyloid joint?

A

Flexion
Extension
Adduction
Abduction

21
Q

What movement is possible at a pivot joint?

A

Rotation

22
Q

Dorsi flexion is…

A

Movement at the ankle where the toes are moving towards the tibia

23
Q

Plantar-flexion is..

A

Movement at the ankle where the toes are being moved downwards. Often seen as the pointing of toes

24
Q

Rotation is…

A

Movement all around a single point

25
Q

Bones are connected together by…

A

Ligaments

26
Q

Muscles are connected to bones by…

A

Tendons

27
Q

Name the three types of muscle

A

Involuntary
Voluntary
Cardiac

28
Q

Name the four antagonistic pairs of muscles you need to know?

A

Bicep and Tricep
Hamstring and Quadricep
Gastrocnemius and Tibialis Anterior
Hip Flexor and Gluteals

29
Q

Which muscle works antagonistically with the hip flexor

A

Gluteals

30
Q

Which muscle works antagonistically with the gluteals

A

Hip flexor

31
Q

Which muscle works antagonistically with the tibialis anterior

A

Gastrocnemius

32
Q

Which muscle works antagonistically with the gastrocnemius

A

Tibialis anterior

33
Q

What movement is caused when the bicep contracts?

A

Flexion at the elbow

34
Q

What movement is caused when the triceps contracts?

A

Extension at the elbow

35
Q

What movement is caused when the deltoid contracts?

A

Moves the shoulder. Abduction and rotation

36
Q

What movement is caused when the Pectoralis major contracts?

A

Adducts the arm at the shoulder

37
Q

What movement is caused when the Latissimus dorsi contracts?

A

Adducts and extends the arm at the shoulder

38
Q

What movement is caused when the gluteals contract?

A

Extend the leg at the hip

39
Q

What movement is caused when the hip flexors contract?

A

Flex the leg at the hip

40
Q

What movement is caused when the quadriceps contract?

A

Extension at the knee

41
Q

What movement is caused when the gastrocnemius contracts?

A

Plantar-flexion at the ankle

42
Q

What movement is caused when the tibialis anterior contracts?

A

Dorsi-flexion at the ankle

gcse PE main one (11 decks)

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