3.5 drugs How To Optimise Training And Prevent Injury

Question 1

What is meant by an overuse injury?

Answer 1

An injury that is sustained from repeated action, e.g. running many miles a week

Question 2

How does a warm up reduce the chance of injury?

Answer 2

It warms the body up gradually so they can cope better with the demands of the activity.

Question 3

What is the purpose of a cool down?

Answer 3

To help prevent soreness and stiffness the following day

Question 4

Give three pieces of a equipment worn by a hockey player to help reduce the chance of injury

Answer 4

Gum shield - protect teeth if hit in the mouth
Shin pads - protect tibia (shins) if hit in the shins
Astro trainers - protect feet from the ball and prevent twisting ankle due to good grips
Gloves - protect hands from the ball and astro grazes

Question 5

Explain why the rules of a game help to reduce the chance of injury?

Answer 5

They ensure the game is played safely and that participants are not playing in a way that may injure themselves of another player

Question 6

What dues RICE stand for?

Answer 6

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

Question 7

When is the treatment RICE used

Answer 7

To treat minor injuries

Question 8

What is concussion?

Answer 8

A result of a person receiving a collision or a bang to the head

Question 9

What is a fracture?

Answer 9

Where a bone is broken. Usually as a result of sudden impact

Question 10

What is a stress fracture?

Answer 10

An overuse injury where the impact over time causes a small break or crack in a bone

Question 11

`What is a dislocation?

Answer 11

Where the bones at a joint are forced out of their normal position.

Question 12

What is a sprain?

Answer 12

This is damage to a ligament, it is often overstretched, in particulalry bad cases is will tear

Question 13

What is a strain?

Answer 13

A pull or a tear of a muscle or tendon

Question 14

What is torn cartilage?

Answer 14

Cartilage is found between bones it absorbs impact. It can become damaged or torn as a result of regular exercise

Question 15

What is tennis elbow?

Answer 15

An injury to the tendons at the elbow as a result of repeated wrist extension - e.g. playing lots of backhand shots in tennis

Question 16

What is golfers elbow?

Answer 16

An injury to the tendon at the elbow as a result of repeated wrist flexion - e.g. playing lots of shots in golf

Question 17

What is an abrasion?

Answer 17

Also called grazes. Where the skin is damaged. Often bleeding occurs

Question 18

Name the 4 different soft tissue injuries

Answer 18

1. Strain
2. Tennis elbow
3. Golfers elbow
4. Abrasions

Question 19

Why do some athletes take performance enhancing drugs (PEDs)?

Answer 19

To increase their chance of winning

Question 20

Some athletes take performance enhancing drugs to increase their chance of winning. Who or what might encourage this?

Answer 20

Coach
Team mates
Financial reward such as prize money
Financial reward such as sponsorship

Question 21

List the 7 different performance enhancing drugs an athlete may take

Answer 21

1. Anabolic steroids
2. Beta blockers
3. Diuretics
4. Narcotic analgesics
5. Peptide hormoens (EPO and growth hormone GH)
6. Stimulants
7. Blood dopping

Question 22

Why do athletes take anabolic steroids?

Answer 22

ncreases muscle strength allowing the athlete to train harder and recover quicker.

Question 23

What are the negative side effects of anabolic steroid?

Answer 23

Increased risk of heart attacks and strokes
High blood pressure
Liver disease
Increased risk of muscle injury
Infertility in women

Question 24

Identify three sports where the performers may take anabolic steroids

Answer 24

Sprinting
Boxing
Basketball

Question 25

Why do athletes take beta blockers?

Answer 25

Allow the athlete to be calmer and more focused

Question 26

What are the negative side effects of taking beta blockers?

Answer 26

Nausea and diarrhoea Tiredness Depression Insomnia and nightmares

Question 27

Give three sports where the performers may take beta blockers to improve their performance

Answer 27

Snooker Archery Clay pigeon shooting

Question 28

What are the two types of peptide hormone?

Answer 28

``` Erythropeietin (EPO) Growth hormone (GH) ```

Question 29

What is EPO?

Answer 29

A drugs that increases the production of red blood cells

Question 30

Why do athletes take EPO?

Answer 30

Increases the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood meaning the can train and compete at a higher intensity for longer

Question 31

What are the negative side effects of taking EPO?

Answer 31

Thickens the blood which leads to an increased risk of a heart attack

Question 32

Give three sports where the performer may take EPO to improve their performance

Answer 32

Cross country Skiing Long distance cycling Long distance running

Question 33

What are the negative side effects of taking growth hormone?

Answer 33

Fewer side effects to other similar drugs such as anabolic steroids

Question 34

Why would athletes choose to take growth hormone rather than anabolic steroids?

Answer 34

Growth hormone appears to have fewer side effects | Growth hormone currently can't be detected by a urine test

Question 35

What are narcotic analgesics?

Answer 35

Drugs that mask or alleviate pain

Question 36

Why do athletes take narcotic analgesics?

Answer 36

To allow them to train or compete whilst injured

Question 37

What are the negative side effects of taking narcotic analgesics?

Answer 37

Loss of concentration Loss of balance Loss of co-ordination Emotional effects, including hallucinations

Question 38

Loss of concentration Loss of balance Loss of co-ordination Emotional effects, including hallucinations

Answer 38

What are stimulants?

Question 39

What are stimulants?

Answer 39

Drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as increased mental and physical alterness

Question 40

Why do athletes take stimulants?

Answer 40

Allow them to think more quickly by stimulating the central nervous system. Helps them to overcome tiredness. Help to offset the effects of lactic acid on the body

Question 41

What are the negative side effects of taking stimulants?

Answer 41

``` Insomnia Irritability Irregular heart beat Irregular heart rate High blood pressure Addiction ```

Question 42

What is blood doping?

Answer 42

A process where the number of red blood cells are boosted in athlete's body. Often athletes train at altitude, this naturally increases their red blood cells. They then have up to 2 pints of blood removed and the red blood cells frozen. The body recovers and the normal level of blood restored. Close to competition the red blood cells are unfrozen and put back into the athletes body.