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gcse PE main one > 1.2 cardio-respiratory system > Flashcards

1.2 cardio-respiratory system Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three functions of the cardiovascular system?

A

Transportation of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients
Helps clot the blood
Controls body temperature

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2
Q

What part of the blood allows the blood to clot?

A

Platelets

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3
Q

What is the name given to the process of a blood vessel narrowing to help warm the body up?

A

Vasocontriction

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4
Q

What is the name given to the process of a blood vessel widening to help cool the body down?

A

Vasodilation

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5
Q

What is the name of the blood vessel the takes blood from the lungs to the heart?

A

Pulmonary vein

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6
Q

What is the name of the blood vessel that takes blood from the heart to the lungs?

A

Pulmonary artery

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7
Q

What is the name of the blood vessel that take blood away from the heart to the rest of the body?

A

Aorta

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8
Q

What is the name of the blood vessel that takes blood from the rest of the body to the heart?

A

Vena Cava

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9
Q

Name the valve between the ventricles and the pulmonary blood vessels

A

Semi lunar valve

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10
Q

Name the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle

A

Tricuspid valve

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11
Q

Name the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle

A

Bicuspid valve

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12
Q

Describe the structure and function of an artery

A

Narrow lumen
Carry blood away from the heart
Thick walls and more elastic

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13
Q

Describe the structure and function of a vein

A

Wide lumen
Thin walls
Carry blood towards the heart

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14
Q

Describe the structure and function of a capillary

A

One cell thick
Where gaseous exchange takes place
Link arteries and veins

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15
Q

What is the name given to the process of redirecting blood around the body?

A

Vascular shunting

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16
Q

When we exercise what happens to blood flow to our organs?

A

It decreases

17
Q

What happens to the blood vessels going to our organs when we exercise and why?

A

They vasoconstrict to reduce the amount of blood going to the organs. This means more blood can go to the working muscles.

18
Q

Name the four parts of blood

A
  1. Red blood cells
  2. White blood cells
  3. Platelets
  4. Plasma
19
Q

What are the two functions of the respiratory system?

A
  1. Get oxygen into the body

2. Remove carbon dioxide from the body

20
Q

Define vital capacity

A

The maximum amount of air that can be forced out of the lungs in once breath

21
Q

Define tidal volume

A

The amount of air inspired and expired with each normal breath

gcse PE main one (11 decks)

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