PE and DVT Flashcards
what side of the heart do thromboemboli move through to block vessels in the lungs?
right side of the heart
what is proximal DVT?
refers to DVT of the popliteal vein or the femoral vein
closer to the heart
What is distal DVT?
any DVT in below popliteal
Who’s triad is essential in DVT?
Virchow’s Triad
Name some acute risk factors for DVT
Surgery Trauma Acute medical illness Acute heart failure* Acute respiratory failure Central venous catheterisation
Name some predisposing Risk Factors
History of VTE Chronic heart failure Advanced age Varicose veins Obesity Immobility or paresis Myeloproliferative disorders Pregnancy/peripartum period Inherited or acquired thrombophilia Hormone therapies Renal insufficiency
How does DVT present?
painful and swollen limb with redness and heat
tenderness along vein
How does PE present?
Sudden SOB with pleuritic PAIN +/- collapse
maybe haemoptysis
hypoxic and tachycardiac on OBs
BP may be low
If the patient has a negative D dimer and low risk do they need any further tests?
no, excluded possiblity
If positive D dimer can you say yes the have DVT for definite?
no but need a scan
What score is used to detect how sever the PE is?
PESI score + patient chararcteristics
Why is there a risk of death with PE?
cause right heart strain and pressure
What causes varacosse veins?
DVT in deep veins or pressure build up puts pressure on the superficial veins that feed into deep vain system, forces the veins to become dilated as superficial you can see them
How is DVT treated?
oral anticoagulant
How is high risk PE treated?
Thrombolysis then oral anticoagulation
