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Cardio > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

1
Q

name the 2 systems the circulatory system consists of?

A

lymphatic

cardiovascular

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2
Q

where is the majority of blood found and how much of it is?

A

peripheral veins 65%

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3
Q

how much blood is just in the capillaries?

A

5%

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4
Q

Name the 3 layers of the BV from inner to outer?

A

tunica intima
tunica media
tunic adventitia

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5
Q

f’s: circulatory system

A

Transport of O2 and nutrients to tissue
Transport of CO2 and other metabolic waste
Temp regulation
Distribution of hormones and immune cells
Reproductive function in males

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6
Q

Name the 3 layers of the heart from inside out

A

endocardium
myocardium
Epicardium

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7
Q

what heart layer lines inner surface if the heart including valves?

A

endocardium

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8
Q

what is the structure of the endocardium histologically?

A

endothelium
basal lamina
thin layer of collagen fibres
layer of connective tissue

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9
Q

d: subendocardium

A

loose connective tissue containing small BV and nerves and the branches of the impulse connecting system

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10
Q

What is the thick middle layer of the heart?

A

myocardium

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11
Q

what is the histological structure of the myocardium?

A

bundles and layers of contractile cardiac muscle fibres

fibres are surrounded by collagenous connective tissue and rich capillary network

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12
Q

what does the intercalated disc do?

A

acts to attach cells

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13
Q

what is the outer layer of the heart called?

A

epicardium

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14
Q

what is the histological makeup of the heart?

A

mesothelium
basal lamina
fibroelastic connective tissue and in some places adipose tissue

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15
Q

What layer are the coronary arteries found and where specifically?

A

epicardium

areas with significant adipose

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16
Q

Name the two parts pf the pericardium

A

fibrous

serous

17
Q

what is the fibrous pericardium made up of?

A

sac of tough fibrocollagenous connective tissue

18
Q

what is the serous pericardium made up of?

A

made up of the layer of simple squamous epithelium
basal lamina
connective tissue

19
Q

which serous pericardium lines the inner surface of fibrous pericardium?

A

parietal serous pericardium

20
Q

which serous pericardium covers the surface of the heart?

A

visceral serous pericardium

21
Q

what are the parietal serous pericardium’s separated by?

A

thin pericardial cavity

22
Q

what is in the thin pericardial cavity?

A

contains pericardial fluid

provides lubrication for the heart movt

23
Q

How is the fibrous skeleton of the heart formed by?

A

Skeleton formed by bands of fibrous connective tissue around heart valves, between the atria and ventricles
This is connective tissue supports valves and provides the attachment for cardiac muscle fibres

24
Q

How are heart valves made?

A

outer endothelial layer and basal lamina, layer of collagen and fibres
core of dense connective tissue: lamina fibrosa
in continuity with fibrous skeleton

25
Q

are there BV in the nerves of the heart?

A

no

26
Q

what ae the chordae tendineae?

A

leaflets of the valves separating the atria from the ventricles (the mitral and tricuspid) are anchored to papillary muscles in the wall of the ventricle by collagenous strands

27
Q

Name the 3 types of cardiac muscle cells?

A

contractile
pacemaker cells
conducting

28
Q

what are considerably smaller than contractile myocytes?

A

pacemaker and conducting cells

29
Q

What are pacemaker and conducting cells embedded in?

A

a more extensive matrix of connective tissue

30
Q

why do pacemaker and conducting cells appear pale?

A

due paucity of organelles within them

31
Q

How do purkinje fibres distribute the excitatory activity?

A

the excitatory activity such that ventricular contraction generally occurs from inferior to superior

32
Q

what is the histological structure of lymphatic vessels?

A

smooth muscle in walls

voluntary muscles

33
Q

what produces flow in in lymph vessels?

A

hydrostatic pressure in the tissue and compression of the vessels by voluntary muscle, combined with valves in the vessels, produces flow

Cardio (28 decks)

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