PCM wrap up Flashcards
what 6 things can be impacted by nutrition probs
BMI, loss of sensory acuity, dentition, kidney fxn, GI changes, immune system less efficient
what can lead to increase prevalence of allergies (5)
low birth weight (premie), lower exposure to dz, no breastfeeding, high n-6 diet, early intro to allergens
what allergy do you acquire late in life
shell fish
peanut allergy is linked to
earlier intro of peanut proteins found in peanut butter, cereals, confectionary and baked goods (except question)
how does IgE mediated allergies cause reactions
IgE causes degranulation of mast cells –> SOB, redness, edema, hypoTN, abdominal pain
what is an example of non-IgE mediated allergies
celiacs dz
Non-IgE mediated food rxns
Urticaria/dermatitis, infant colic, IBS, Asthma etc.
What is food aversion
unpleasant rxn to food that are not reproduced when the food is covertly presented
internally generated perceptions and false beliefs
hallucinations and delusions = schizo
what is the most common psychotic disorder
schizophrenia
what is the genera distribution of schizophrenia
equally m/f but males present earlier
what are the 3 phases of schizophrenia
prodromal, active, residual
what phase is a schizophrenic pt that is having gradual change in behavior that appears as a personality or mood change
prodromal
what phase is a schizophrenic pt that has delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and behavior
active
what phase is a schizophrenic pt that has continuing oddities of thinking and behavior, but hallucinations and delusions are absent
residual phase
pt has acute alteration of consciousness w/ fluctuating disturbances in cognition, perception, behavior, affect, and sleep due to an underlying physical cause
delirium
what are risk factors for delirium
age, pre-existing cognitive impairment, pre-existing medical condition, baseline poor health or disability, environmental conditions
what do secondary syndromes spare
vital fxns and lack signs of diffuse cortical impairment , making recognition less urgent
pt w/ cortical radiations of cholinergic neurons, beta amyloid, neurofibrillary tangles, loss of memory
alzheimers
pt w/ stepwise deterioration of cognition and diffuse cortical infarcts
vascular dimentia
butterfly pattern destruction of caudate and putamen
huntingtons
lewy bodies, cortical radiations of dopamine neurons lesioned, cogwheeling
parkinsons
lewy bodies, cortical radiations of dopamine neurons lesioned, cog wheeling but sparing temporal areas
lewy body dementia
frontal and temporal brain atroph
pick dz
can’t see in 1 eye when in hot shower
MS
what does thiamine deficiency cause
deterioration of mammilary bodies –> wernicke korsakoff syndrome
compression of cortical tissue surrounding cerebral ventricles, prominent gait disturbances
normal pressure hydrocephalus
pin pooint pupils, clammy skin, shallow breathing, low BP HR & T
Opiate/narcotic tox
increased respirations, yawning, perspiration, diarrhea, dilated pupils, goose bumps, anorexia, muscle aches and rhinnorhea
opiate/ narcotic withdrawal
hand tremor, insomnia, n/v, transient allucinations, psychomotor agitation, anxiety, tonic-clonic seizures, autonomic instability; CIWA-Ar scale
alcohol withdrawal
irritablity, restlessness, insomnia, anxiety, muscle twitching, hunger, weight gain, poor concentration, craving, depression, dec BP HR
nicotine w/drawal
apathy, pseudo depression, no changes in BP HR
cocaine withdrawal
decreased appetite and weight, anxiety, insomnia, nightmares
weed withdrawal
schizophrenia and myoglobinuria
PCP intox
which has more consistent blood level nicotine patch or gum
patch
what is required to prescribe the patch
must stop smoking before using patch
what is the most effective nicotine cessation agent
varenicline (chantix)
what are ADEs of varenicline (chantix)
depression w/ suicidal ideation, agitation, nightmares
what is an inhalent
toluene
what is the most common thing physicians have problem with (type of substance abuse)
chemical abuse
