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Wrap up block > PCM wrap up > Flashcards

PCM wrap up Flashcards

1
Q

what 6 things can be impacted by nutrition probs

A

BMI, loss of sensory acuity, dentition, kidney fxn, GI changes, immune system less efficient

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2
Q

what can lead to increase prevalence of allergies (5)

A

low birth weight (premie), lower exposure to dz, no breastfeeding, high n-6 diet, early intro to allergens

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3
Q

what allergy do you acquire late in life

A

shell fish

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4
Q

peanut allergy is linked to

A

earlier intro of peanut proteins found in peanut butter, cereals, confectionary and baked goods (except question)

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5
Q

how does IgE mediated allergies cause reactions

A

IgE causes degranulation of mast cells –> SOB, redness, edema, hypoTN, abdominal pain

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6
Q

what is an example of non-IgE mediated allergies

A

celiacs dz

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7
Q

Non-IgE mediated food rxns

A

Urticaria/dermatitis, infant colic, IBS, Asthma etc.

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8
Q

What is food aversion

A

unpleasant rxn to food that are not reproduced when the food is covertly presented

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9
Q

internally generated perceptions and false beliefs

A

hallucinations and delusions = schizo

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10
Q

what is the most common psychotic disorder

A

schizophrenia

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11
Q

what is the genera distribution of schizophrenia

A

equally m/f but males present earlier

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12
Q

what are the 3 phases of schizophrenia

A

prodromal, active, residual

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13
Q

what phase is a schizophrenic pt that is having gradual change in behavior that appears as a personality or mood change

A

prodromal

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14
Q

what phase is a schizophrenic pt that has delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and behavior

A

active

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15
Q

what phase is a schizophrenic pt that has continuing oddities of thinking and behavior, but hallucinations and delusions are absent

A

residual phase

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16
Q

pt has acute alteration of consciousness w/ fluctuating disturbances in cognition, perception, behavior, affect, and sleep due to an underlying physical cause

A

delirium

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17
Q

what are risk factors for delirium

A

age, pre-existing cognitive impairment, pre-existing medical condition, baseline poor health or disability, environmental conditions

18
Q

what do secondary syndromes spare

A

vital fxns and lack signs of diffuse cortical impairment , making recognition less urgent

19
Q

pt w/ cortical radiations of cholinergic neurons, beta amyloid, neurofibrillary tangles, loss of memory

A

alzheimers

20
Q

pt w/ stepwise deterioration of cognition and diffuse cortical infarcts

A

vascular dimentia

21
Q

butterfly pattern destruction of caudate and putamen

A

huntingtons

22
Q

lewy bodies, cortical radiations of dopamine neurons lesioned, cogwheeling

A

parkinsons

23
Q

lewy bodies, cortical radiations of dopamine neurons lesioned, cog wheeling but sparing temporal areas

A

lewy body dementia

24
Q

frontal and temporal brain atroph

A

pick dz

25
Q

can’t see in 1 eye when in hot shower

A

MS

26
Q

what does thiamine deficiency cause

A

deterioration of mammilary bodies –> wernicke korsakoff syndrome

27
Q

compression of cortical tissue surrounding cerebral ventricles, prominent gait disturbances

A

normal pressure hydrocephalus

28
Q

pin pooint pupils, clammy skin, shallow breathing, low BP HR & T

A

Opiate/narcotic tox

29
Q

increased respirations, yawning, perspiration, diarrhea, dilated pupils, goose bumps, anorexia, muscle aches and rhinnorhea

A

opiate/ narcotic withdrawal

30
Q

hand tremor, insomnia, n/v, transient allucinations, psychomotor agitation, anxiety, tonic-clonic seizures, autonomic instability; CIWA-Ar scale

A

alcohol withdrawal

31
Q

irritablity, restlessness, insomnia, anxiety, muscle twitching, hunger, weight gain, poor concentration, craving, depression, dec BP HR

A

nicotine w/drawal

32
Q

apathy, pseudo depression, no changes in BP HR

A

cocaine withdrawal

33
Q

decreased appetite and weight, anxiety, insomnia, nightmares

A

weed withdrawal

34
Q

schizophrenia and myoglobinuria

A

PCP intox

35
Q

which has more consistent blood level nicotine patch or gum

A

patch

36
Q

what is required to prescribe the patch

A

must stop smoking before using patch

37
Q

what is the most effective nicotine cessation agent

A

varenicline (chantix)

38
Q

what are ADEs of varenicline (chantix)

A

depression w/ suicidal ideation, agitation, nightmares

39
Q

what is an inhalent

A

toluene

40
Q

what is the most common thing physicians have problem with (type of substance abuse)

A

chemical abuse

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