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Wrap up block > Infections in IC host > Flashcards

Infections in IC host Flashcards

1
Q

who gets more infections kids or adults

A

kids

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2
Q

Immunocompromised pts are characterized by having

A

more infections, increased severity of those infections, diminished response to usually effective therapy, & patterns of infections are different

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3
Q

what do you call an infection by an organism that normally does not cause dz but does so when IC

A

opportunistic infections

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4
Q

what are 3 agents of opportunistic infections

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii, Cryptococcus neoformans, Fungal infections (other than thrush and tinea)

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5
Q

what is the basis of primary immunodeficiency

A

genetic defects

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6
Q

what are 3 ways to get a secondary immunodeficiency

A
  1. acquired (HIV/AIDS)
  2. anatomic and physiologic abnormalities (congenital asplenia/splenectomy, pumonary cyst, splenectomy)
  3. Iatrogenic (urinary catheter, chemo)
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7
Q

infectious symptoms begin in first days-weeks of life

A

primary immunodeficiency

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8
Q

infection is often suppressed rather than eradicated by appropriate therapy

A

primary immunodeficiency

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9
Q

growth and development are commonly delayed

A

primary immunodeficiency

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10
Q

on a cellular level what is going on in primary immunodeficiency

A
  • innate immunity: prob with phagocytes and compliment
  • b lymphocytes: dysfxn in Ig prod & fxn
  • t lymphocytes: can impact b cell fxn
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11
Q

absence of neutrophils

A

kostmann’s congenital neutropenia (primary immunodeficiency)

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12
Q

neutrophil level fluctuates up and down

A

cyclic neutropenia

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13
Q

what bug can infect w/ neutrophil abnormalities

A

Aspergillus, candida, bacteria

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14
Q

C1-C4 deficiency

A

AI disorders

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15
Q

C5-C9 deficiency

A

neisseria spp. infection

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16
Q

properidin deficiency

A

neisseria spp. infection

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17
Q

how do you treat complement deficiency

A

immunizations and antibiotics if needed

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18
Q

defective BTK (bruton tyrosine kinase)

A

x-linked agammaglobulinemia

19
Q

2-20 y/o w/ recurrent infections

A

CVID

20
Q

what is the MC immunodeficiency

A

IgA deficiency

21
Q

what do you not want to do in IgA deficiency

A

IgG replacement!!!!!!!!!!

22
Q

No Tcells w/ effects on Bcell fxn

A

SCID

23
Q

how do you tx SCID

A

stem cell transplant

24
Q

congenital thymic hypoplasia, heart dz, hypoparathyroidism, neonatal hypocalcemia

A

Digeorge syndrome

25
Q

neonatal hypocalcemia

A

Digeorge syndrome

26
Q

what is a major late complication of digeorge syndrome

A

AI disorder late in life

27
Q

thrombocytopenia, severe eczema

A

wiscott-aldridge syndrome

28
Q

high risk for lymphoma

A

wiscott aldridge

29
Q

how do you treat wiscott aldridge

A

stem cell transplant

30
Q

what infections do you see with lymphocytic disorders

A

pneumocystis pneumonia; fungal infections; protozoal infections; disseminated viral infections; bacterial infection, malignancy

31
Q

oral live attenuated vaccine in kid w/ SCID

A

polio

32
Q

gets infection w/ catalase positive bacteria and fungi

A

phagocyte deficiency

33
Q

gets neisseria infections

A

complement deficiency (C5-9)

34
Q

gets infected w/ organisms w/ polysaccharide capsules

A

Ab deficiency (b cell)

35
Q

gets opportunistic infections fungi and viruses

A

cellular and combined immunodeficiencies

36
Q

kid comes in with recurrent URI

A

normal

37
Q

what are you at risk for with either splenectomy or sickle cell dz

A

sepsis w/ encapsulated bacteria (ESP. S pneumonia!!!!!!!! ; and H flu)

38
Q

Digeorge syndrome

A

Neonatal hypocalcemia !!!!!!!!

39
Q

3 complications associated w/ pregnancy

A

UTI, HepE, H1N1 flu

40
Q

what would you see clinically w/ chemo induced immunodeficiency

A

bacterial/candidal infection; aspergillosis, pneumocystic pneumonia, disseminated varicella

41
Q

what are you worried about with transplant

A

risk of neutropenia plus profound lymphocytic dysfxn

42
Q

partial albanism

A

chidiak hagashi

43
Q

pseudomonas infection

A

leukemia

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