Neonatal infections / TORCHES

Question 1

what constitutes a peri natal infection

Answer 1

infections acquired before (in utero), during (natal), or shortly after birth (post-natal)

Question 2

what is the MCC of perinatal infection

Answer 2

CMV

Question 3

intracranial calcification

Answer 3

toxo (diffuse) or CMV (periventricular)

Question 4

Chorioretinitis

Answer 4

Toxo or CMV

Question 5

Cataracts

Answer 5

Rubella or HSV

Question 6

congenital cardiac dz

Answer 6

Rubella

Question 7

Bone lesions

Answer 7

Syphilis (saber shins) or rubella

Question 8

vesicles

Answer 8

HSV, VZV, or syphilis

Question 9

Microcephaly

Answer 9

CMV

Question 10

Hydrocephalus

Answer 10

Toxo

Question 11

how do you prevent toxoplasmosis

Answer 11

avoid cat litter and undercooked beef

Question 12

presents w/ chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, and intracranial calcifications

Answer 12

Toxo

Question 13

how do you dx toxo

Answer 13

serology

Question 14

what is the MC meningitis infection in babies

Answer 14

GBS

Question 15

how do you decrease risk of GBS infection

Answer 15

intrapartum abx

Question 16

How does GBS infect the baby

Answer 16

vertical transmission

Question 17

mom has arthritis

Answer 17

Rubella

Question 18

PDA, cataract, deaf, blueberry rash

Answer 18

Rubella

Question 19

what causes rubella

Answer 19

togavirus

Question 20

hearing loss, blueberry rash and seizures

Answer 20

CMV

Question 21

what is the worst CMV infection

Answer 21

congenital > natal> postnatal

Question 22

how do you tx CMV

Answer 22

IV ganciclovir

Question 23

how do you dx CMV

Answer 23

CMV isolation from body fluids

Question 24

CMV is what type of virus

Answer 24

HHV5 dsDNA linear and enveloped

Question 25

what type of virus is HIV

Answer 25

ssRNA+ w/ RT

Question 26

how do you dx HIV

Answer 26

viral culture + PCR

Question 27

what is the tx @ birth of HIV

Answer 27

AZT until 2 neg viral cultures

Question 28

how do you prevent HIV infection in neonate

Answer 28

maternal screen

Question 29

skin eye mouth dz

Answer 29

HSV

Question 30

how do you tx HSV infection

Answer 30

Acyclovir

Question 31

how do you dx HSV infection

Answer 31

culture/PCR/LP; if seronegative mom = inc risk for baby

Question 32

what is worse primary infection or recurrent infection of HSV

Answer 32

primary

Question 33

baby w/ hx of trauma

Answer 33

inc likelihood of neonatal infection

Question 34

encephalitis at day 16-17

Answer 34

HSV

Question 35

what makes syphilis infection worse

Answer 35

co infection w/ HIV

Question 36

how do you figure out if syphilis has been transmitted to the baby

Answer 36

Mother’s serology (not cord serum)

Question 37

do babys w/ congenital syphilis develop primary syphilis

Answer 37

No either secondary or tertiary

Question 38

pale/thick/large placenta

Answer 38

syphilis

Question 39

hydrops fetalis

Answer 39

syphilis

Question 40

saddle nose, saber shins, clutton joints

Answer 40

syphilis

Question 41

copper rash on hands/feet

Answer 41

syphilis

Question 42

notched incisors and mulberry molars

Answer 42

syphilis

Question 43

cn VIII deafness

Answer 43

syphilis

Question 44

rhagades lesions

Answer 44

scars in skin near mouth (syphilis)

Question 45

what causes syphilis

Answer 45

T pallidum

Question 46

how do you tx syphilis

Answer 46

Procaine, penicillin g

Question 47

asymptomatic @ birth and develops bone deformity, rash on hands and feet, and teeth deformities, trouble hearing

Answer 47

syphilis

Question 48

how do you dx syphilis

Answer 48

RPR/VDRL (Ab to cardiolipin) or FTA-ABS/MHA-TP (Ab to T pallidum)

Question 49

Wimberger’s sign on xray

Answer 49

moth eaten appearance of bone (upper medial tibia) syphilis