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BM2 RC > PCM 1ST BIMEX > Flashcards

PCM 1ST BIMEX Flashcards

1
Q

Which statement is **not true **for a pilot test?

Pilot test is a trial run
Pilot test is an implementation of an intervention
Pilot test is an intervention to just a few individuals
Pilot test is an intervention to determine whether there are any problems with it

A

Pilot test is an implementation of an intervention

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2
Q

What do you call a change in the quality of life, health status or risk, and** social benefit? **

It is an environmental objective
it is a process objective
It is an outcome objective
it is an impact objective

A

It is an outcome objective

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3
Q

Which statement belongs to the Generalized Model for Health Program?

Gathering data
Analyzing data
Identifying the risk factors limited to the health problem
Setting goals and objectives

A

Setting goals and objectives

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4
Q

Which is** not considered **a step in the process of community organizing’/building?

planning and policy practices
recognizing the issues
gaining entry into the community
organizing the people

A

planning and policy practices

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5
Q

Bottom up effects of people taking collective actions on their own behalf is called

macro practice
LGU initiatives
Civic organization lead
grassroots participation

A

grassroots participation

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6
Q

What is community organizing?

an act of consensus building within a democratic process
an act of consensus building within an autocratic process
an act of consensus building within a dictatorial process
a process of people to gain mastery over their lives

A

an act of consensus building within a democratic process

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7
Q

When the form of evidence comes from personal experiences and observations it is called

objective evidence
subjective evidence
perspective evidence
systematic review of science based on research

A

subjective evidence

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8
Q

What do you call the concepts to be able to understand the behavior change associated with community organizing/building and health promotion programming?

evidence based practiced and biomedical approach
evidence based practiced and socio-biomedical approach
evidence based practiced and socio-ecological approach
socio economic approach and evidenced based practiced

A

evidence based practiced and socio-ecological approach

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9
Q

The process of identifying, analyzing and prioritizing the needs of a priority population is called

needs assessment
needs policy
Other:

A

needs assessment

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10
Q

The first step in community organizing and building is

gaining entry into the community
recognizing the issues
implementing the plan
organizing the leader

A

recognizing the issues

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11
Q

Evaluation that focuses on immediate observable effects of a program

impact evaluation
outcome evaluation
formative evaluation
summarive evaluation

A

impact evaluation

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12
Q

Endemic diseases

A. is one that occurs only occasionally within the population of a particular geographic area
B. are diseases that are always present within the population of a particular geographic area
C. is defined as a greater than usual number of cases of a disease in a particular geographic area usually occurring within a relatively short periodof time
D. an outbreak of disease over a wide geographical area such as from one country to other countries

A

B. are diseases that are always present within the population of a particular geographic area

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13
Q

The number of new health related events or cases of a disease divided by the total number in the population at risk

Attack rate
Prevalence rate
Morbidity rate
Incidence rate

A

Incidence rate

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14
Q

Rate is

the number of people afflicted with the disease
number of live births
number of people who died in a given geographic area
number of cases that occur in a given population in a given period of time

A

number of cases that occur in a given population in a given period of time

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15
Q

The average number of years a person from a specific cohort is projected to live from a given point in time

Years Potential Life Lost
Health Adjusted Life Expectancy
Life Expectancy
Disability Adjusted Life Years

A

Life Expectancy

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16
Q

One of these is not in the top 3 leading causes of death in the Philippines in the year 2009.

Diseases of the heart
Cerebrovascular diseases
Diabetes mellitus
Malignant neoplasms

A

Diabetes mellitus

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17
Q

The period between exposure to the disease and onset of symptoms

Prodromal period
Period of illness
Recovery period
Incubation period

A

Incubation period

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18
Q

Test hypothesis regarding associations between diseases and risk factors

Analytic studies
Descriptive studies
Both are correct
both are incorrect

A

Analytic studies

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19
Q

In the slide shown to you which country has the longest life expectancy?

United States of America
New Zealand
Japan
Russia

A

Japan

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20
Q

Which statement is not true for Epidemiology?

studies the pattern of disease occurrence in human population
study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency
Concern with the health of an individual patient
Assess whether an on going disease prevention is effective

A

Concern with the health of an individual patient

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21
Q

A disease that occurs regularly in a population

epidemic
sporadic
pandemic
endemic

A

endemic

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22
Q

Morbidity rate is the

A. number of new cases of a disease divided by the total population at risk during the period
B. incidence of infection in a group observed during an epidemic divided by the number of people exposed x 100
C. number of people who are sick divided by the total population at risk
D. none of the above is correct

A

C. number of people who are sick divided by the total population at risk

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23
Q

Single most reliable indicator of a population’s health status

Infant mortality
maternal mortality
mortality rate
neonatal mortality rate

A

Infant mortality

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24
Q

Used for calculating disease and death rates and for program planning

vital statistics report
mortality and morbidity weekly report
census
all are correct

A

census

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25
Q

Which disease is not transmitted by direct contact mode of transmission?

Gonorrhea
syphilis
common cold
measles

A

measles

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26
Q

Which one is not considered as fomites?

beddings
air
food service utensils
milk

A

air

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27
Q

A graphic show of disease where each case can be traced to a single source of exposure.

common source epidemic
propagated epidemic curve
point source epidemic
continuous source epidemic

A

common source epidemic

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28
Q

Descriptive studies

A. test hypothesis about relationship between health problems and possible risk factorsh
B. studies factor that increase the probability of disease
C. investigator observe the natural course of events creating exposed and unexposed subjects and disease development
D. provides valuable information to health care providers and administrators enabling them to allocate resources officially

A

D. provides valuable information to health care providers and administrators enabling them to allocate resources officially

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29
Q

The top 3 leading cause of death in the U.S.A. 2013 is

Disease of the heart, malignant neoplasm and stroke
Disease of the heart, malignant neoplasm and chronic lower respiratory disease
pneumonia, tuberculosis and diabetes
disease of the heart, malignant neoplasm and gastroenteritis

A

Disease of the heart, malignant neoplasm and chronic lower respiratory disease

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30
Q

The leading cause of Years Potential Life Lost (YPLL) before age 75 in 1990 and 2013.

unintentional injuries
diseases of the heart
malignant neoplasms
chronic lower respiratory disease

A

diseases of the heart

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31
Q

Which country has the longest life expectancy among males in 2013?

Sweden
U.S.A.
Republic of Korea
United Kingdom

A

Sweden

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32
Q

What do you call the actions taken prior to the onset of disease?

primordial prevention
primary prevention
secondary prevention
tertiary prevention

A

primary prevention

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33
Q

The number of years lost when death occurs before the age of 65 years old.

Life expectancy
Disability Adjusted Life Years
Health Adjusted Life Years
Years of Potential Life Lost

A

Years of Potential Life Lost

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34
Q

The capability of a communicable disease agent to cause a disease in a susceptible host

Infectivity
Pathogenicity
Virulence
Colonization

A

Pathogenicity

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35
Q

A person or animal that harbors a specific communicable agent in the absence of discernible clinical disease and is a potential source of infection to others is called a

Carrier
zoonotic
reservoir
an acanthoponosis

A

Carrier

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36
Q

Epidemic diseases

A. is one that occurs only occasionally within the population of a particular geographic area
B. are diseases that are always present within the population of a particular geographic area
C. is defined as greater than usual number of cases of a disease in a particular geographic area
D. an outbreak of a disease over a wide geographical area such as from one country to other countries

A

is defined as greater than usual number of cases of a disease in a particular geographic area

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37
Q

What do you think is not identified to promote a disease transmission in the communicable disease model?

biological agents
vectors
carriers
genetic endowment

A

genetic endowment

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38
Q

Which of these diseases are not a chronic non- communicable disease?

Diabetes mellitus
Lead poisoning
Coronary heart disease
Degenerative osteoarthritis

A

Lead poisoning

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39
Q

Which one is not considered an acute communicable disease?

pneumonia
typhoid fever
measles
tuberculosis

A

tuberculosis

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40
Q

A chronic disease characterized by damage to blood vessels of the brain resulting in disruption of the circulation in the brain

coronary heart disease
cerebrovascular disease
myocardiopathy
congenital heart disease

A

cerebrovascular disease

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41
Q

The leading and most important risk factor for coronary heart disease is

hyperglycemia
hypertension
hyperlipidemia
hyperuricemia

A

hypertension

42
Q

What do you call the efforts to control a disease in progress?

intervention
elimination
eradication
immunization

A

intervention

43
Q

Secondary prevention are

A. preventive measures that lead to an early diagnosis and prompt treatment of disease
B. preventive measures that forestall the onset of illness or injury
C. measures aimed at rehabilitation following significant pathogenesis
D. all are correct

A

A. preventive measures that lead to an early diagnosis and prompt treatment of disease

44
Q

Limitation of freedom of movement of those who have been exposed to a DISEASE and maybe incubating it

Isolation
disinfection
quarantine
all are correct

A

quarantine

45
Q

The most important biological factor of human disease is

mosquito
fleas
ticks
flies

A

mosquito

46
Q

Flies as insect vectors transmit the following diseases except

African Sleeping Sickness
Leishmaniasis
Onchocerciasis
Dengue fever

A

Dengue fever

47
Q

SMART objective means

Simple, measurable, achievable, realistic and time phased
Subjective, measurable, achievable, realistic and time phased,
Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time phased
Specific, measurable, attributable, realistic and time phased

A

Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time phased

48
Q

If the infant mortality rate is high, emphasis should be given to

Communicable Disease Control
Nutrition Program
Maternal and Child Health
Immunization Program

A

Maternal and Child Health

49
Q

In evaluating the success of your environmental sanitation program, the most significant criterion is

number of toilets built
amount of money donated
reduced incidence rate of diarrhea among 0-6 years old
number of families involve in the program

A

reduced incidence rate of diarrhea among 0-6 years old

50
Q

Officially known as Transforming Our World 2030. This 17 sets of goals adopted by UN member countries envisioned to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity to all.

Millennium Development Goal
High Impact Goal
Sustainable Development Goal
Universal Health Care Goal

A

Sustainable Development Goal

51
Q

Violence and injury prevention programs of the DOH includes the following except

Zero fireworks related injuries
Stop bullying in schools promotion
End mental health stigma and discrimination
All of the above are correct

A

End mental health stigma and discrimination

52
Q

Which of the following is the backbone of disease prevention?

epidemiology
demographics
vital statistics
health statistics

A

epidemiology

53
Q

Which program is an example of secondary prevention?

a community wide nutrition program at fast food establishments
a program to immunize persons exposed to infectious disease with Immunoglobulin G
Alcoholic Anonymous
An exercise program for persons who have had a stroke

A

Alcoholic Anonymous

54
Q

Which of the following micronutrients is given to a child 9 months of age, preschoolers and newly delivered babies.

iron
fluoride
iodine
vitamin A

A

vitamin A

55
Q

Hypertension and diseases of the heart are among the 10 leading causes of illnesses each year. These are collectively known as Lifestyle Related Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD). These diseases have common risk factors which are to a large extent related to unhealthy lifestyle. As a health promoter, what should you suggest to a patient on a low cholesterol diet?

egg pie, boiled liver diet
fried chicken, potatoes diet
hamburger, French fries diet
Grilled fish, eggplants diet

A

Grilled fish, eggplants diet

56
Q

In control of communicable diseases, the period of quarantine in respect of disease is determine by

infectivity period
carrier state
incubation period
duration of illness

A

incubation period

57
Q

Which of the following is a negative health behavior that must be avoided to prevent illness?

immunization
adequate sleep pattern
self-medication
regular check up

A

self-medication

58
Q

few diseases are subject to notification on the basis of international agreements. The internationally notifiable diseases known also as QUARANTINABLE OR CONVENTION diseases are governed by International Sanitary Regulators. The diseases currently notifiable to the WHO are the following except

plague
cholera
malaria
COVID 19

A

malaria

59
Q

A more or less complete count of individuals within a geographic area at specified instant of time

census
survey
demography
population register

A

census

60
Q

Iodine rich food

squash
seaweed
carrot
meat

A

seaweed

61
Q

Which of the following tell us how many babies born alive would die before reaching one year of age in a given place and time

specific child death rate
infant mortality rate
neonatal mortality rate
crude death rate

A

infant mortality rate

62
Q

This is considered as the FIRST LINK in the chain of infection wherein the patient’s symptoms are infectious in origin

etiologic agent
reservoir
susceptible host
portal of entry

A

etiologic agent

63
Q

An infectious disease not considered COMMUNICABLE

scabies
tetanus
pneumonia
mumps

A

tetanus

64
Q

A population pyramid with triangular shape and broad base indicates the following except

high death rates
poverty
young population
more females

A

more females

65
Q

The most effective way to assess the heath care needs of older adults in a community is to

A. conduct personal interviews with local health care and social services professionals
B. rely on intuitive impressions obtained from working with older persons
C. review demographic date from the most recent census
D. survey a random sample of adult children who do not reside in the community

A

A. conduct personal interviews with local health care and social services professionals

66
Q

When promoting the health of the individual, family and community, the first step to to take by the RHU physician is

to establish a registry of families
to conduct a family census
to do a health assessment
to organize the community

A

to do a health assessment

67
Q

To be effective in prevention and control of spread of communicable diseases, physicians should strengthen skills and knowledge on

data analysis
community diagnosis
rehabilitation of patient
health education

A

health education

68
Q

A total of 97 cases were admitted in a District hospital from January to June of 2021. 71% were males and 29% were females. There were 37 deaths. What was the case fatality ratio of neonatal tetanus. The mid year population was 11,765.

30%
38%
70%
72%

A

38%

69
Q

Some 1450 persons are in the population. 46 persons died. 64% of those who died were age 55 years and above. What is the crude death rate?

2.03%
3.17%
3.79%
4.41%

A

3.17%

70
Q

Hospital waste management program is a requirement before construction of a new facility. The hospital personnel are required to train in waste management to prevent which of the following?

communicable disease
nosocomial infection
cross infection
transmission of infection

A

nosocomial infection

71
Q

Which of the following is the most effective measures to prevent or reduce high density flies in the community?

prevent breeding places through sanitary refuse disposal
use insect sprays
screen houses
use fly swatter/papers

A

prevent breeding places through sanitary refuse disposal

72
Q

Technical term used for sickness which also measures prevalence and incidence

mortality
morbidity
life expectancy
disability

A

morbidity

73
Q

A combination of liquid wastes or water carried discharges conducted away from residences and other institution together with such ground surface or rain water as maybe present is known as

sewage
garbage
refuse
rubbish

A

sewage

74
Q

This type of well requires some type of pump either motor or hand powered and makes use of a high velocity stream of water to excavate the hole and to carry the excavated material out of the hole

driven well
jetted well
drilled well
dug well

A

jetted well

75
Q

In developing capability of people to assume more responsibility for their health, which of the following would you consider the most important?

organizing community health
lead lag in the health activity
identifying health problems with the people
making medicine available

A

identifying health problems with the people

76
Q

Which is not a major technique used in the prevention of dental caries?

observation of good mouth hygiene
restriction of fermentable carbohydrates in the diet
use of fluoride solutions
chlorination of drinking water

A

chlorination of drinking water

77
Q

A type of survey or study that determines the norms and limits of the distribution of variables, including the characteristic of the events and population under study is referred to as

descriptive
explanatory
analytical
cross sectional

A

descriptive

78
Q

The operating unit of the Department of Health at the local level is

Barangay Health Station
Puericulture Center
Rural Health Unit
Regional Hospital

A

Rural Health Unit

79
Q

In the chain of infection model showing disease prevention and control strategies which one strategy is address to the portal of entry?

Quarantine
Disinfection
Handwashing
wearing of masks

A

wearing of masks

80
Q

Protection against occupational hazards is an important strategy address during the

pre-pathogenesis
early pathogenesis
period of pathogenesis
all are correct

A

pre-pathogenesis

81
Q

A sensitive index to measure the health of a community and the most precise measurement of how healthy a population is

infant mortality rate
neonatal mortality rate
maternal mortality rate
post natal mortality rate

A

infant mortality rate

82
Q

The most common cause of maternal mortality in our country is

pregnancy with abortive outcome
post partum hemorrhage
hypertension complicating pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium
complications related to pregnancy during labor, delivery and puerperium

A

complications related to pregnancy during labor, delivery and puerperium

83
Q

Infant mortality rate in our country is highest among the

poorer families
middle class families
richer families
poorest families

A

poorest families

84
Q

Provision of hospitals and community facilities is important during the

early pathogenesis
period of pathogenesis
pre-pathogenesis
all is correct

A

period of pathogenesis

85
Q

Among the list of statements which do you think is true?

males has a long life expectancy than females
The median age for both sexes are almost the same
Population growth rate in our country is 2.81%
Undernourished children under five years old is 30% in 2011

A

The median age for both sexes are almost the same

86
Q

The screening and case finding measures are important strategies during

period of pathogenesis
pre-pathogenesis
early pathogenesis
none of the above

A

early pathogenesis

87
Q

Which do you think could not be a probable cause of neonatal mortality?

pre-maturity
congenital anomalies
poor pre-natal care of the mother
poor immunization

A

poor immunization

88
Q

In our country which statement do you think is FALSE?

majority of the leading causes of morbidity are communicable diseases
majority of the leading causes of mortality are non-communicable diseases
the birth rate per 1,000 pop. in our country is comparatively higher than those of the other Asian countries
the 1.8% increase in birth rate in the Philippines appears higher than that of other Asian countries including Laos

A

majority of the leading causes of morbidity are communicable diseases

89
Q

IN the age structure which statement is true?

more males than females 55 years old and over
more more females than males in 0-14 years old
more female than males in 15 to 54 years old
more females than males 55 years old and over

A

more females than males 55 years old and over

90
Q

Which strategy in the prevention and control of disease is address to the pathogen?

chlorination
safety glasses
condoms
quarantine

A

chlorination

91
Q

Which statement is not true for prevalence rate?

used to measure the burden of the disease
useful in determining the workload of our health /disease
measure of frequency where new events occur
number of old and new cases of a disease

A

measure of frequency where new events occur

92
Q

In the Which statement as to the importance of indicators is not TRUE?

indicators are important for resource allocation and planning
indicators are important in the monitoring and prevention of the disease and will be useful for health policy makers
indicators are necessary in analysing the ecological impact of a disease to objectively evaluate the health of the people
all statements are true

A

all statements are true

93
Q

in the same chain of infection model which strategy is not involve in the prevention and control address to mode of transmission?

handwashing
insect repellent
safe sex
vector control

A

insect repellent

94
Q

The new COVID cases in a certain place is 2120, the bases are those who are positive to the RT-PCR test result in a population of 205, 194 and the number of those who were hospitalized was 1960 and the total deaths was 46. What do you think is the Case Fatality Rate (CFR).

2.16%
7.77%
1.03%
.95%

A

2.16%

95
Q

Primary Health Care

A. is a new approach to health care which integrates at the community level all the factors required for improving the health status of the population
B. a comprehensive approach to health prevention that requires environmental modification
C. prevent the emergence or development of risk factors in population groups
D. All are correct

A

A. is a new approach to health care which integrates at the community level all the factors required for improving the health status of the population

96
Q

Which statement is not true as to the determinants of prevention and for prevention to be successful?

A. depends upon knowledge of causation
B. depends upon knowledge of disability limitation
C. depends upon dynamic of transmission
D. depends upon availability of prophylaxis or early detection and treatment measure

A

B. depends upon knowledge of disability limitation

97
Q

One of these is not considered a preventive effort in the public health control of disease the goals is to improve the resistance of the host

post exposure prophylaxis
water and food safety
vaccination
nutrition

A

water and food safety

98
Q

Following statements are true for secondary prevention except

A. action which halts the progress of the disease at its incipient stage
B. one of its objective is to prevent the spread of the disease by curing all the known cases
C. one of its intervention is individual or mass case findings
D. to provide measures available to reduce or limit impairment

A

D. to provide measures available to reduce or limit impairment

99
Q

What core function in public health does evaluating the effectiveness and quality of personal population based health services belong?

Assessment
Policy development
Assurance
None of the above

A

Assurance

100
Q

Pathogenicity is the

A.ability of a biological agent to enter and grow in the host
B. capability of a communicable disease agent to cause disease in a susceptible host
C. cause the disease or health problem
D. person or other living organism that affords subsistence or lodgment to a communicable disease agent under natural conditions

A

B. capability of a communicable disease agent to cause disease in a susceptible host

BM2 RC (7 decks)

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