PBL drugs

Question 1

Albuterol

Answer 1

B2 selective Gs-> increased cAMP

Question 2

salmeterol

Answer 2

Long acting slective B2 agonist Gs-> increased cAMP, CNS stimulation, not used as monotherapy

Question 3

Aminophyline

Answer 3

Nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor, increases cAMP, inhibits leukotriene synthesis.

Question 4

Betamethasone

Answer 4

Anti-inflammatory steroid, interacts with glucocorticoid response elements in DNA, inhaled enhances uptake, eliminated in the urine.
AE: osteoporosis, immunosuppression, adrenal insufficiency

Question 5

Methyl prednisolone

Answer 5

Anti-inflammatory steroid, interacts with glucocorticoid response elements in DNA, inhaled enhances uptake, eliminated in the urine.
AE: osteoporosis, immunosuppression, adrenal insufficiency

Question 6

prednisone

Answer 6

Anti-inflammatory steroid, interacts with glucocorticoid response elements in DNA, inhaled enhances uptake, eliminated in the urine.
AE: osteoporosis, immunosuppression, adrenal insufficiency

Question 7

Triamcinolone

Answer 7

Potent glucocorticoid, weak mineralocorticoid, reduces mediator cells, decreases nasal reactivity to allergens. metabolites are less active, hypersensitivity, withdrawl, immunosupprssion, candida

Question 8

beclamethosone

Answer 8

Potent glucocorticoid, weak mineralocorticoid, reduces mediator cells, decreases nasal reactivity to allergens. weak prodrug activated in tissues, hypersensitivity, withdrawl, feces elim. immunosupprssion, candida

Question 9

flunisolide

Answer 9

Potent glucocorticoid, weak mineralocorticoid, reduces mediator cells, decreases nasal reactivity to allergens. metabolized in liver. feces and urine excretion. hypersensitivity, withdrawl, immunosupprssion, candida

Question 10

Formoterol

Answer 10

long acting B2 agonist. activates adenylyl cyclase, increases cAMP, leads to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles.

Question 11

Pibuterol

Answer 11

B2 inhalant, activates adenylyl cyclase, increases cAMP leading to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles

Question 12

Ipatroprium

Answer 12

muscarinic receptor antagonist, (like atropine) decreases smooth muscle contraction, used in COPD, not asthma

Question 13

Tiotrprium

Answer 13

muscarinic receptor M3 antagonist, (like atropine) decreases smooth muscle contraction, longer acting than ipatroprium

Question 14

a1 receptor

Answer 14

epi=norepi»isoproterenol, not on bronchioles. Constricts smooth muscle by elevating ca via Phoslipase C and IP3

Question 15

B2 receptor

Answer 15

Epi only. NE does not have effect. relaxes smooth muscle, via cAMP, Gs alpha. leads to vasodilation at low levels of epi, and bronchodilation

Question 16

Omalizumab

Answer 16

IgE antibody

Question 17

Guanethidine

Answer 17

Ne depleting agent, preventing its release into the synapse

Question 18

Ephedrine

Answer 18

Reverses the axoplasmic pump putting NE back into the synapse
leads to vasoconstriction in the nasal cavities, and decreased congestion.

Question 19

phenylephrine

Answer 19

only a1 agonist a1 agonist, leads to vasoconstriction in the nasal cavities, and decreased congestion.

Question 20

Bethanecol

Answer 20

Muscarinic antagonist, dries secretions, and prevents bronchial constriciton

Question 21

neostigmine

Answer 21

anticholinesterase prevents the breakdown of ACH, would be like a muscarinic agonist. bronchoconstriction and increased secretions.

Question 22

Terazosin

Answer 22

a1 antagonist: would be used for high blood pressure preventing vasoconstriction, but would lead to nasal congestion

Question 23

Lisinopril

Answer 23

ACE inhibitor which inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme which normally degrades bradykinin which causes cough and bronchoconstriction.

Question 24

zilueton

Answer 24

5-lipoxegenase inhibitor

Question 25

Metaproterenol

Answer 25

B2 agonist inhaled

Question 26

Terbutaline

Answer 26

B 2 agonist, also used to delay labor because of B2 receptors on the smooth muscle of the uterus.

Question 27

phentolamine

Answer 27

a1 blocker, leads to mucosal stuffiness. used for BP

Question 28

Phenoxybenzamine

Answer 28

a1 blocker, leads to mucosal stuffiness. used for BP

Question 29

Prazosin

Answer 29

a1 blocker, leads to mucosal stuffiness. used for BP

Question 30

Terazosin

Answer 30

a1 blocker, leads to mucosal stuffiness. used for BP and prostatic hypertrophy

Question 31

labet-alol

Answer 31

alol means combination alpha and Beta blocker

Question 32

Diphenhydramine

Answer 32

1st generation antihistamine, not useful in asthma.

Question 33

Bosentan

Answer 33

Decreases pulmonary vascular resistance by competitively antagonizing endothelin-1 receptors