Patterns of Urban Development - FPK Flashcards
Theories of Urban Development
Concentric Circle Sector Multiple Nuclei Central Place
Concentric Circle Theory
Developed by Ernest Burgess in 1925. Sociologist who studied the growth of Chicago. Cities grow in a series of outward rings, and land use is based on distance from downtown.
5 Rings in Concentric Circle Theory
1) the central business district 2) the industrial zone; 3) the zone of transition, industrial and low-income housing (at one time this ring had high-income, large houses); 4) the zone of middle class housing; 5) the commuter zone, with higher-income housing.
Bid Rent Curve
A theory explaining land use patterns based on how much people are willing to pay for land, in turn, based on the profits that are likely to receive from maintaining a business on that land. Biz in CBD will have highest number of customers, make most money and pays most rent. Needed CCT to make this work
Sector Theory
Developed by Homer Hoyt in 1939. Biz guy from Chicago, real estate development. Disagreed with CCT. Land uses vary b/c of transportation. The city, as a result, was a series of sectors radiating out from the center of the city.
Multiple Nuclei Theory
Developed by Harris and Ullman in 1945. Cities develop a series of specific land use nuclei. A land use nucleus is formed because of accessibility to natural resources, clustering of similar uses, land prices, and the repelling power of land uses.
Central Place Theory
Developed by Walter Christaller in 1933. The theory states that there is a minimum market threshold to bring a firm to a city and there is a maximum range of people who are willing to travel to receive goods and services Also useful as a way of understanding the hierarchy of retail establishments in cities (for example nail salons on every block, a grocery store every 10 blocks, and a large shopping center servicing a much larger area).
Sector Theory
Concentric Circle Theory
Multiple Nuclei Theory
