HISTORY - Comprehensive Planning - FPK

Question 1

The Chicago Plan of 1909

Answer 1

• developed by Daniel Burnham, was the first regional plan in the U.S.
• It focused on incorporating ideas from the City Beautiful movement, especially waterfront development, parks, and civic center spaces.
• It was criticized for failing to address issues like housing, poverty, and transportation efficiency. It did not foresee the looming impact of the automobile.

Question 2

First comprehensive plan

Answer 2

Cincinnati in 1925, under the direction of Alfred Bettman and Ladislas Segoe. The Cincinnati Plan focused on infrastructure projects and called for planning to be controlled by a citizen city planning commission.

Question 3

Regional Plan for New York and Environs

Answer 3

Created between 1922-1929, The plan focused on suburban development, highway construction, and suburban recreational facilities. Stein and Mumford were involved in the creation of the plan.

Question 4

The U.S. Housing Act of 1954

Answer 4

The largest impetus for comprehensive planning. The Act required cities to develop comprehensive plans and provided funding for planning under Section 701. One of the problems with the 701 plan is that it led to the creation of plans for the purpose of acquiring federal funds rather than trying to truly plan for communities.

Question 5

Focus of comprehensive plans in the 1970s and 1980s

Answer 5

comprehensive plans shifted to more of a social focus. The emphasis moved to concerns of equity, neighborhood preservation, affordable housing, environmental protection, and historic preservation.

Question 6

Introduction of the state into comprehensive planning

Answer 6

1970s. Oregon and Minnesota passed laws requiring comprehensive planning. In 1985, Florida passed a law that required communities to develop comprehensive plans.