Patient care 2 Flashcards
1
Q
The inability to remember short-term memory information after an event during which the head was struck is called?
A
Antergade Amnesia
2
Q
materials that have a pH value less than 7 (ex hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid)
A
Acids
3
Q
The mnemonic for awake, verbal, pain, unresponsive; used to evaluate a patient’s mental status is called?
A
AVPU
4
Q
Significant bruising around the mastoid process is called?
A
Battle’s sign
4
Q
An exposure that occurs over a short timeframe (less than 24 hrs) usually occurs at a spill or release
A
Acute exposure
5
Q
The process of listening to the body noises with a stethoscope is called?
A
Auscultation
5
Q
The noises made by the intestinal smooth muscles as they squeeze fluids and food products through the digestive tract is called?
A
Bowel sounds
5
Q
A respiratory rate less than 12 breaths/min is called?
A
Bradypnea
5
Q
Materials that react with atmospheric moisture and rapidly decompose
A
Air reactive materials
6
Q
Circulation, sensation, and movement mnemonic
A
CSM
6
Q
A positively charged particle emitted by certain radioactive materials
A
Alpha particle
7
Q
The temperature at which a material ignites and burns without an ignition source
A
Autoignition point
8
Q
A bluish coloration of the skin as a result of hypoxemia, of deoxygenation of hemoglobin is called?
A
Cyanosis
8
Q
The period when the ventricles are relaxed and filling with blood is called?
A
Diastole
8
Q
Collection of blood within the skin that appears blue-black, eventually fading to a greenish-brown and yellow; commonly called a bruise is called?
A
Ecchymosis
9
Q
autoignition point
the temperature at which a material ignites and burns without an ignition source
A
Autoignition point
9
Q
Inhaling and exhaling with quick, difficult breaths is called?
A
Gasping
9
Q
contamination reduction zone
A
see warm zone
10
Q
Materials with a pH value greater than 7 (ex sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide)
A
Bases
10
Q
materials with a pH value greater than 7 (ex sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide)
A
Bases
11
Q
The blowing or swishing sound created by the turbulence within a blood vessel is called?
A
Bruit
11
Q
A short, low-pitched sound heard at the end of exhalation that represents an attempt to generate positive end-expiratory pressure by exhaling against a closed glottis, prolonging the period of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange across the alveolar-capillary membrane; a compensatory mechanism to help maintain patency of small airways and prevent atelectasis
A
Grunting
11
Q
A negatively charged particle emitted by certain radioactive materials
A
Beta particle
12
Q
The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the material being heated equals atmospheric pressure (760 Hg); water boils to steam at 100 C (212 F)
A
Boiling point
13
Heart rate slower than 60 beats/min is called?
Bradycardia
13
flammable
the capacity of a substance to ignite
14
The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the material being heated equals atmospheric pressure (760 Hg); water boils to steam at 100 C (212 F)
Boiling point
14
An explosion that can occur when a vessel containing a pressurized liquid ruptures
Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion
14
Yellow-blue ecchymosis surrounding the umbilicus is called?
Cullen's sign
14
A core body temperature below 95 F is called?
Hypothermia
14
Hardened mass within the tissue typically associated with inflammation is called?
Induration
15
The deposition or absorption of chemical, biological, or radiologic materials onto personnel or other materials
Contamination
17
Large containers and tanks used to transport large quantities of hazardous materials
Bulk containers
18
The noise made when blood in the carotid arteries passes over plaque buildups is called?
Carotid bruit
19
Glass or plastic bottles commonly used to transport corrosive products
Carboys
19
Any liquid or solid that can destroy human flesh on contact or has a severe corrosion rate on steel
Corrosive
20
Chemical that prevent the transportation of oxygen to the cells or the use of oxygen at the cellular level
Chemical asphyxiants
21
The process of applying pressure against the body with the intent of gathering information is called?
palpation
21
An exposure to low concentrations ocer a long period
Chronic exposure
22
A safe area isolated from the area of contamination; also called the support zone. This zone has safe and easy access. It contains the command post and staging areas for personnel, vehicles, and equipment. EMS personnel are stationed in the cold zone
Cold zone
22
Nonbulk containers that normally contain liquefied gases, nonliquified gases, or mixtures under pressure; cylinders also may contain liquids or solids
Cylinders
23
The process of decontaminating people exposed to and potentially contaminated with hazardous materials by rapidly removing most of the contamination to reduce exposure and save lives, with secondary regard for completeness of decontamination
Emergency decontamination
23
Any chemical compound, mixture, or device, the primary or common purpose of which is to function by detonation or rapid compustion ; found in liquid or solid forms
Explosive
24
The deposition or absorption of chemical, biological, or radiologic materials onto personnel or other materials
Contamination
25
Indicator of increased work of breathing in infants; the head falls forward with exhalation and comes up with expansion of the chest on inhalation is called
Head bobbing
26
Any liquid or solid that can destroy human flesh on contact or has a severe corrosion rate on steel
Corrosive
28
Pertaining to extremely low temperatures
Cryogenic
30
Nonbulk containers that normally contain liquefied gases, nonliquified gases, or mixtures under pressure; cylinders also may contain liquids or solids
cylinders
32
The minimum temperature at which a substance evaporates fast enough to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the substance
Flashpoint
33
The physical and chemical process of reducing and preventing the spread of contamination from persons and equipment used at a hazardous materials incident; also referred to as contamination reduction
Decontamination
34
The measure of the rate of decay of a radioactive material; indicates the time needed for half of a given amount of a radioactive material to change to another nuclear from or element
Half-life
35
The process of decontaminating people exposed to and potentially contaminated with hazardous materials by rapidly removing most of the contamination to reduce exposure and save lives, with secondary regard for completeness of decontamination
Emergency decontamination
37
HAZCOM - OSHA standard regarding worker protection when handling chemicals
Hazard communication standard
38
Any chemical compound, mixture, or device, the primary or common purpose of which is to function by detonation or rapid compustion ; found in liquid or solid forms
Explosive
40
HAZWOPER - OSHA and EPA regulations regarding worker safety when responding to hazardous materials emergencies
Hazardous waste operations and emergency
| response
41
The capacity of a substance to ignite
Flammable
42
The area in which contamination currently exists or area that may be contaminated in a short period; also called the exclusion area. Patients are removed from this area to the warm zone for decontamination. Entrance to the hot zone requires proper PPE
Hot zone
44
Any compressed gas that meets requirements for lower flammability limit, flammability limit range, flame projection, or flame propagation as specified in CFR title 49, sec 173.300 (b) (ex butane, acetylene, hydrogen, propane)
Flammable gases
45
IDHLs - maximal environmental air concentration of a substance from which a person could escape within 30 mins without symptoms of impairment or irreversible health effects
immediately dangerous to life or health concentrations
47
The concentration of fuel and air between the lower flammable limit or lower explosive limit and the upper flammable limit or upper explosive limit; the mixture of fuel and air in the flammable range supports combustion
Flammable range
48
HAZCOM - OSHA standard regarding worker protection when handling chemicals
Hazard communication standard
52
LD50 - the oral or dermal exposure dose that kills 50% of the exposed animal population in 2 weeks
Lethal dose 50%
53
Damage present at the point of chemical contact
Local damage
55
The minimal concentration of fuel in the air that will ignite; below this point too much oxygen and not enough fuel to burn (too lean) are present; also called the lower explosive limit
Lower flammable limit
56
MSDS - a document that contains information about the specific identity of a hazardous chemical; information includes exact name and physical properties and emergency telephone numbers
Material safety data sheet
58
The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid (ex ice melting to water at 0 C or 32 F)
Melting point
59
Dilation of the pupils
Mydriasis
60
NFPA - international voluntary membership organization that promotes improved fire protection and prevention and establishes safeguards against loss of life and property by fire; writes and publishes national voluntary consensus standards
National fire protection association
62
Penetrating radiation that can result in whole body irradiation
Neutron radiation
63
Desensitization of the sense of smell
Olfactory fatigue
64
OSHA - a unit of the us department of labor that establishes protective standards, enforces those standards, and reaches out to employers and employees through technical assistance and consultation programs
occupational safety and health administration
66
The ability of a substance to readily release oxygen to stimulate combustion
Oxidation ability
67
Allowable air concentration of a substance in the workplace as established by OSHA; these values are legally enforceable
Permissible exposure limit
68
PPE - clothing and equipment worn to protect against environmental hazards
Personal protective equipment
70
Diamond shaped signs placed on the sides and ends of bulk transport containers that carry hazardous materials
Placards
72
Describes gases, liquids, or other substances of such nature that exposure to a very small amount is dangerous to life or is a hazard to health; also know as toxic (cyanide, arsenic, pesticides, phosgene, aniline, methyl bromide, insecticides)
Poisonous
73
psi - the amount of pressure on an area that is 1 inch square
Pounds per square inchre
75
Substances that form self-ignitable flammable vapors when in contact with a
Pyrophorics
77
The ability to emit ionizing radioactive energy
Radioactive
79
Any material or combination of materials that spontaneously emit ionizing radiation and have a specific activity greater than 0.002 (plutonium, cobalt, uranium 235, radioactive waste)
Radioactive substances
81
The spontaneous disintegration of unstable nuclei accompanied by the emission of nuclear radiation
Radioactivity
82
Particles or pure energy that produces changes in matter by creating ion pairs
Ionizing radiation
83
LC50 - the air concentration of a substance that kills 50% of the exposed animal population' this denotes the concentration and the length of exposure
Lethal concentration 50 %
84
LD50 - the oral or dermal exposure dose that kills 50% of the exposed animal population in 2 weeks
Lethal dose 50%
85
Damage present at the point of chemical contact
Local damage
86
The minimal concentration of fuel in the air that will ignite; below this point too much oxygen and not enough fuel to burn (too lean) are present; also called the lower explosive limit
Lower flammable limit
87
MSDS - a document that contains information about the specific identity of a hazardous chemical; information includes exact name and physical properties and emergency telephone numbers
Material safety data sheet
88
The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid (ex ice melting to water at 0 C or 32 F)
Melting point
89
Dilation of the pupils
Mydriasis
90
NFPA - international voluntary membership organization that promotes improved fire protection and prevention and establishes safeguards against loss of life and property by fire; writes and publishes national voluntary consensus standards
National fire protection association
91
Penetrating radiation that can result in whole body irradiation
Neutron radiation
92
Desensitization of the sense of smell
Olfactory fatigue
93
A unit of the us department of labor that establishes protective standards, enforces those standards, and reaches out to employers and employees through technical assistance and consultation programs
Occupational safety and health administration
94
The ability of a substance to readily release oxygen to stimulate combustion
Oxidation ability
95
Allowable air concentration of a substance in the workplace as established by OSHA; these values are legally enforceable
Permissible exposure limit
96
PPE - clothing and equipment worn to protect against environmental hazards
Personal protective equipment
97
Diamond shaped signs placed on the sides and ends of bulk transport containers that carry hazardous materials
Placards
98
Describes gases, liquids, or other substances of such nature that exposure to a very small amount is dangerous to life or is a hazard to health; also know as toxic (cyanide, arsenic, pesticides, phosgene, aniline, methyl bromide, insecticides)
Poisonous
99
Psi - the amount of pressure on an area that is 1 inch square
Pounds per square inch
100
Substances that form self-ignitable flammable vapors when in contact with air
Pyrophorics
101
The ability to emit ionizing radioactive energy
Radioactive
102
Any material or combination of materials that spontaneously emit ionizing radiation and have a specific activity greater than 0.002 (plutonium, cobalt, uranium 235, radioactive waste)
Radioactive substances
103
The spontaneous disintegration of unstable nuclei accompanied by the emission of nuclear radiation
Radioactivity
104
The risk of another person or healthcare provider becoming contaminated with a hazardous material by contact with a contaminated victim
Secondary contamination
105
An explosive, chemical, or biologic device hidden at the scene of an emergency and set to detonate or release its agent after emergency response personnel are on scene
Secondary device
106
Inert gases and vapors that displace oxygen in inspired air (ex carbon dioxide, nitrogen)
simple asphyxiants
107
The ratio of a liquid's weight compared with an equal volume of water (which has a constant value of 1); materials with a specific gravity of less than 1 float on water, and materials with a specific gravity greater than 1 sink
Specific gravity
108
Damage remote to the site of exposure or absorption
Systemic damage
109
The airborne concentrations of a substance; represents conditions under which nearly all workers are believed to be repeatedly exposed day after day without adverse effects. Exposed day after day without adverse effects.
Threshold limit value
110
Trailers that carry multiple cylinders of pressurized gases
Tube trailers
111
The concentration of fuel in the air above which the vapors cannot be ignited; above this point too much fuel and not enough oxygen are present to burn (too rich) ; also called the upper explosive limit
Upper flammable limit
112
The weight of a volume of pure gas compared with the weight of an equal volume of pure dry air (which has a constant value of 1); materials with a vapor density less than 1 are lighter than air and rise when released; materials with a vapor density greater than 1 are heavier than air and sink when released
Vapor density
113
The pressure exerted by a vapor against the sides of a closed container; a measure of volatility
Vapor pressure
114
A measure of how quickly a material passes into the vapor or gas state; the greater the volatility, the greater its rate of evaporation
Volatility
115
Area surrounding the hot zone that functions as a safety buffer area, decontamination area, and as an access and egress point to and from the ot zone; also called the contamination reduction zone
Warm zone
116
Materials that violently decompose and or burn vigorously when they come in contact with moisture
Water reactive materials
117
The degree to which a material or its vapors are soluble in water
Water solubility
118
Noise made when the visceral and parietal pleura rub together is called?
Pleural friction rub
119
The apical impulse; the site where the heartbeat is most strongly felt is called
Point of maximum impulse (PMI)
120
A measured percent of saturated hemoglobin is called?
Pulse oximetry
121
The difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressures is called?
Pulse pressure
122
Bruising around the orbits of the eyes is called?
Raccoon eyes
123
The full and natural range of a joint's movement is called?
Range of motion
124
A quick head-to-toe assessment of a medical patient who is unresponsive or has an altered mental status is called?
Rapid medical assessment
125
A quick head-to-toe assessment of a trauma patient with a significant mechanism of injury is called?
Rapid trauma assessment
126
Discomfort experienced by the patient that occurs when the pressure from palpation is released is called?
Rebound tenderness
127
Sinking in of the soft tissues above the sternum or clavicle or between or below the ribs during inhalation is called?
Retractions
128
The inability to remember events or recall memories from before an event in which the head was struck is called?
Retrograde amnesia
129
The sound of the tricuspid and mitral valves closing is called?
S1
130
The sound of the closing of the pulmonary and aortic valves is called?
S2
131
______are a medical or trauma condition of the patient that can be seen, heard, smelled, measured, or felt during the examination; _______ are conditions described by the patient, such as shortness of breath, or pieces of information bystanders tell you about the patient's chief complaint is called?
Signs and Symptoms
132
Inadequate system perfusion is called?
Shock
133
The elasticity of the skin; good skin turgor returns the skin's natural shape within 2 seconds is called?
Skin Turgor
134
Neck Flexion at the fifth and sixth cervical vertebrae, with the head extended at the first and second cervical vertebrae. This position aligns the axes of the mouth, pharynx, and trachea, opening the airway and increasing airflow is called?
Sniffing position
135
Noisy breathing through the mouth and nose during sleep; caused by air passing through a narrowed upper airway is called?
Snoring
136
A harsh, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration associated with upper airway obstruction; often described as a high-pitched crowing or "seal bark" sound is called?
Stridor
137
The period when the ventricles are contracting is called?
Systole
138
The pressure exerted against the walls of the large arteries at the peak of ventricular contraction is called?
Systolic blood pressure
139
A heart rate greater than 100 beats/min is called?
Tachycardia
140
An increased respiratory rate, usually greater than 30 breaths/min. is called?
Tachypnea
141
The volume of air moved into or out of the lungs during a normal breath; can be indirectly evaluated by observing the rise and fall of the patient's chest and abdomen is called?
Tidal volume
142
Position used to maintain an open airway that involves sitting upright and leaning forward with the neck slightly extended, chin projected, and mouth open and supported by the arms is called?
Tripod position
143
Any noise that elicits some sort of response from the patient is called?
Verbal stimulus
144
A standardized board used to test vision is called?
Visual acuity card
145
Conscious contraction of the abdominal muscles in an attempt to prevent painful palpation is called?
Voluntary guarding
146
High-pitched whistling sounds produced by air moving through narrowed airway passages is called?
Wheezes
