Pathology Volume 3 Flashcards
What type of collagen is associated with Descemet’s membrane?
Type IV collagen
What is the most common inheritance pattern of CHED?
Autosomal recessive
What is the most common ocular association of sclerocornea?
Cornea planus
Of the classic corneal stromal dystrophies, which is autosomal recessive?
Macular dystrophy
What causes corneal whorls?
Deposition of lysosomal deposits within the basal layer of the epithelium
What chromosome is associated with macular dystrophy?
16q
What chromosome is associated with granular. Lattice and Avellino dystrophy?
5q
What causes corneal guttae?
Focal thickening of Descemet’s membrane
What condition is associated with PITX2 gene?
Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome
What is Axenfeld anomaly?
Posterior embryotoxon and iris adhesions to the cornea
What is Axenfeld syndrome?
Axenfeld anomaly plus glaucoma
What is Rieger anomaly?
Axenfeld anomaly plus iris atrophy
What is Rieger syndrome?
Rieger anomaly plus dental and skeletal abnormalities
What is thought to cause pigment dispersion syndrome?
Rubbing of the iris pigment epithelium by lens zonules
Name 3 systemic associations of exfoliation syndrome.
- Hypertension 2. Stroke 3. Myocardial infarction
What does angle recession represent histologically?
Tear in the ciliary body between the longitudinal and circular muscles
Name 3 ocular complications of nanopthalmos.
- Hyperopia 2. Glaucoma 3.Uveal effusion syndrome
Name the 3 layers of the sclera.
- Episcleral 2. Stroma 3. Lamina fusca
What condition is associated with proliferation of spindle calls in a storiform pattern?
Fibrous histiocytoma
How is the sclera altered in nanopthalmos?
Sclera is abnormally thick in nanopthalmos
What is the most common location of senile calcific plaques?
Anterior to the lateral and medial rectus muscles
What structures represent the tertiary vitreous?
Zonular fibers
What does Bergmeister papilla represent?
Remnant of the posterior portion of the hyaloid artery
What is the most common location of Mittendorf dot?
Inferonasal posterior capsule
What disorder is associated with “candlewax drippings” of the retinal vasculature?
Sarcoidosis
In what layer of the retina do cystic spaces occur in typical peripheral cystoid degeneration?
Outer plexiform layer
In what layer of the retina do cystic spaces occur in reticular peripheral cystoid degeneration?
Nerve fiber layer
What protein is associated with amyloid deposits of the vitreous?
Transthyretin
What condition is associated with amyloid deposits of the vitreous?
Familial amyloid polyneuropathy
What is the most common location of degenerative retinoschisis?
Inferotemporal
Where does reticular peripheral cystoid degeneration occur?
Posterior to areas of typical peripheral cystoid degeneration
What is the most common type of degenerative retinoschisis?
Reticular degenerative retinoschisis
What causes the clinical appearance of cobblestone degeneration?
Adherence of the inner nuclear layer to Bruch’s membrane
What do cytoid bodies represent?
Swollen NFL axons
