Fundamentals Vol. 2

Question 1

What is the length of the average adult palpebral fissure?

Answer 1

27 to 30 mm

Question 2

What is the height of the average adult palpebral fissure?

Answer 2

8 to 11 mm

Question 3

By how much does the average elevator muscle raise the upper eyelid?

Answer 3

15 mm

Question 4

By how much does the average frontalis muscle raise the eyelid?

Answer 4

2 mm

Question 5

What is the innervation of the levator muscle?

Answer 5

CN Ill

Question 6

Where is the thinnest skin of the body located?

Answer 6

Eyelid

Question 7

Where does the levator aponeurosis have its firmest attachment?

Answer 7

On the anterior aspect of the tarsus about 3 mm superior to the eyelid margin

Question 8

Which lacrimal punctum is located more medially?

Answer 8

Superior punctum

Question 9

What structure corresponds to the avascular plane of the eyelid?

Answer 9

Gray line

Question 10

What structure corresponds with the most superficial portion of the orbicularis muscle?

Answer 10

Gray line

Question 11

What is the name of the muscle associated with the gray line?

Answer 11

Muscle of Riolan

Question 12

Which facial muscle has fibers with the smallest diameter?

Answer 12

Orbicularis oculi

Question 13

What is the innervation of the facial muscle?

Answer 13

CN VII

Question 14

Which portion of the orbicularis oculi muscle functions solely as a voluntary muscle?

Answer 14

Orbital portion

Question 15

Which portion of the orbicularis oculi muscle functions voluntary and involuntary in spontaneous and reflex blinking?

Answer 15

Palpebral portion

Question 16

Which portion of the orbicularis oculi muscle plays a role in drainage of tears?

Answer 16

Pretarsal portion

Question 17

What are the only apocrine glands of the orbit?

Answer 17

Glands of Moll

Question 18

What is the mode of secretion of sebaceous glands?

Answer 18

Holocrine secretion

Question 19

What is the function of the Glands of Moll?

Answer 19

Sweat secretion

Question 20

What is the function of the goblet cells?

Answer 20

Mucus secretion

Question 21

What is the function of the meibomian glands and Glands of Zeiss?

Answer 21

Oil secretion

Question 22

What lies just posterior to the orbital septum in the eyelids?

Answer 22

Orbital fat

Question 23

What is the attachment site of the orbital septum in the eyelids?

Answer 23

Levator aponeurosis

Question 24

What is the origin of the levator palpebrae muscle?

Answer 24

Lesser wing of the sphenoid

Question 25

Where does the levator palpebrae muscle divide into the levator aponeurosis and Muller’s muscle?

Answer 25

Near Whitnall’s ligament

Question 26

What is the innervation of the levator palpebrae muscle?

Answer 26

Superior division of CN Ill

Question 27

What is the origin of the analogue to Muller’s muscle in the lower eyelid?

Answer 27

Capsulopalebral head of the inferior rectus muscle

Question 28

What is the attachment of Muller’s muscle?

Answer 28

Upper border of the tarsus

Question 29

What type of muscle is Muller’s muscle?

Answer 29

Smooth, non-striated muscle

Question 30

What is the average width of the tarsal plate?

Answer 30

29 mm

Question 31

What is the innervation of Muller’s muscle?

Answer 31

Sympathetic fibers

Question 32

What are the tarsal plates composed of?

Answer 32

Dense connective tissue

Question 33

What is the average thickness of the tarsal plate?

Answer 33

1 mm

Question 34

What is the mode of secretion of lacrimal glands?

Answer 34

Exocrine secretion