Pathology & Symptoms Flashcards
Canker
Whitish, cabbage like appearance. Bleeds easily. Unpleasant ammonia smell.
Club Foot
One foot steeper than the opposite foot. Graded 1 to 4 according to severity.
Founder
Radiographic evidence of rotated P3. Pain/discomfort. Changes to hoof appearance. Reduced sole depth forward of the frog.
Laminitis
Acute phase: Intense pain in front feet with characteristic stance with front feet well in front. Heat and bounding pulse.
Corns
3 Types: Dry/red, moist or suppurating. Varying degrees of lameness. Hoof testers invaluable in diagnosis.
Abscess
Extreme lameness. Sensitive to hoof tester. Heat. Pulse.
Hoof Avulsion
Obvious absence of hoof capsule and Obel Grade 4 lameness.
Dropped Sole
Visual evidence of sole weight bearing. Bruising. Varying degrees of lameness due to sole weight bearing.
P3 Fracture
Mild to severe lameness, depending on location of fracture. Radiographic evidence.
Cracks
Visual evidence of wall opening. Varying degrees of lameness depending on severity/depth.
Sole Bruises
At the time of lameness, the discoloration may not yet be visible. Use of a hoof tester may suggest trauma.
Sidebone
During early formation, Obel Grade 2 lameness may be evident. Often palpable ossification is present. Not lame once stabilized.
Sheared Heels
Lameness may occur, but many horses show no discomfort. The condition may cause soft heel cracks and lameness.
Pedal Osteitis
Often bilateral. Shuffling gait. Reacts to hoof tester over entire sole. Radiographs are necessary to diagnose.
Keratoma
Skilled radiography is required. Often no lameness, but can cause extreme lameness.
Thrush
It has a black, thick, oily appearance and a distinctly unpleasant odour.
Navicular
Short choppy stride. Usually bilateral discomfort. Board test, lifting the toe causes pain. Reacts to hoof tester across quarters.
Quittor
Drainage at the quarters, at or above the coronary band. Usually lame until drainage occurs. Lameness subsides but recurs.
Quarter Cracks
The opening in the hoof wall is visible, and often bleeds in work. Often causes lameness.
Soft Heel
Intermittent lameness. Often a discharge emanates from the crack, which then stays moist. A tool inserted into the area elicits a flinch.
White Line Disease (WLD)
The white line is a cavity, filled with a black, mud-like, sometimes cheesy substance. Sometimes quite deep. Advanced cases may cause lameness.
