Pathology - Skeletal System Flashcards
Sx’s: saber shins, bone disease of nose, palate, skull, gummas
Skeletal Syphilis
MC locations to see osteoprosis
Vertebrae Hip Distal radius
Def: reduction in trabecular bone mass
Osteoporosis
Def: Infection of BM in children
Osteomyelitis
Labs for Osteoporosis
All normal levels
Where in the bone does the Osteomyelitis occur in children vs adults
Children = metaphysis Adults = epiphysis
Causes of Avascular Necrosis…
MC = trauma/Fx/steroids SCD Drugs - Bisphos, EtOH Gaucher disease
Def: AR defect in osteoclast function d/t CA II mutation preventing an acidic environment for bone resorption –> thick, heavy bones
Osteopetrosis
Def: ischemic necrosis of bone and BM
Avascular (aseptic) Necrosis
Sx’s: pigeon-breast, frontal bossing, rachitic rosary, bowing of legs
Rickets
Def: malignant ST tumor in 20-40 yo pts w/ uniform spindle cells w/ scant cytoplasm and t(x;18)
Synovial sarcoma
Sx’s: Bone Fx’s (erlynmeye flask), anemia, thrombocytopenia, CN impingement, Hydrocephalus, renal tubular acidosis
Osteopetrosis
Def: poor endochondral bone formation w/ an FGFR3 mutation
Achondroplasia
Sx’s: multiple Fx’s, blue sclera, hearing loss
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Labs for Rickets/Osteomalacia
Decreased Ca, PO4 (-) Increased PTH, AlkPhos
Hereditary Leiomyomatosis is assc w/ which cancer and which gene defect
Cancer = RCC Gene = Fumarate hydratase
Pathogens assc w/ Osteomyelitis
Staph (MC) N. Gonorrhoeae Salmonella Pseudomonas Pasteurella M. Tuberculosis
Hist: mosaic pattern of lamellar bone (cement lines creating “puzzle piece” pattern
Paget Disease of Bone
Complication of Paget Disease of Bone
High-output cardiac failure
What is the difference b/w Fibrous Cortical Defect and Nonossifying Fibroma
FCD = < 5cm NF = > 5cm
Tx for Osteopetrosis =
BM transplant
Def: imbalance b/w osteoclast and osteoblast function in pts > 60 yo
Paget Disease of Bone
Mutation assc w/ Nodular Fasciitis…
t(17;22) = MYH9-USP6
Sx’s: short extremities w/ normal head/chest
Achondroplasia
