Pathology of Cervix Flashcards
what is the transformation zone of the cervix?
squamocolumnar junction between ectocervical and endocervical epithelia
of ectocervial and endocervical epithelia which is squamous and which is columnar?
ectocervical → squamous
endocervical → columnar
why does the position of the TZ alter during life?
response to menarche, pregnancy and menopause
what is cervical erosion?
acid environment of vagina leads to squamous metaplasia of endocervical epithelium
what are nabothian follicles?
distended endocervical gland- mucous filled cyst on surface of cervix
result of cervical erosion
what can cause cervicitis?
herpes simplex
chlamydia
why can cervicitis cause infertility?
simultaneous silent fallopian tube damage
what are the neoplastic causes of cervical pathology?
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)
carcinoma
describe CIN I
basal 1/3rd of epithelium
describe CIN II?
abnormal cell extend to middle 1/3rd
abnormal mitotic figures
describe CIN III?
abnormal cells occupy full thickness of epithelium
abnormal mitotic figures
is CIN premalignant?
yes- 75-95% of malignant cervical tumours develop from pre-existing CIN
what are symptoms of cervical carcinoma?
abnormal bleeding
pelvic pain
haematuria/UTI
ureteric obstruction
which cervical carcinoma has the worst prognosis?
endocervical has worse prognosis than squamou
which HPV has strong link w cervical cancer?
HPV 18
(although both 16 and 18)
