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11- Reproduction > Contraception > Flashcards

Contraception Flashcards

1
Q

how long can sperm live in the female genital tract?

A

up to 5 days

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2
Q

what are the different types of contraception?

A

natural family planning

COCP

implant

IUS/IUD

barriers i.e condom/diaphragm

sterilisation

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3
Q

what days during the average cycle is a women most fertile?

A

8-18

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4
Q

what hormones does the combined oral pill contain?

A

oestrogen and progestogen

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5
Q

what is the primary function of the combined pill?

A

inhibit ovulation

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6
Q

how does the progestogen only pill work?

A

deogestrel inhibits ovulation

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7
Q

what are long acting methods of contraception?

A

implant- 3yrs

coil- 5-10yrs

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8
Q

which contraceptive method the IUS or IUD

1) works be effecting implantation
2) preventing fertilisation all together

A

1) IUS- favours endometrium unfavourable effecting implantation
2) IUD- thickens cervical mucous preventing fertilisation

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9
Q

how is female sterilisation carried out?

A

filshie clips and essure used to place insert into fallopian tubes → scar tissue forms around them form barrier to sperm

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10
Q

after performing female sterilisation does the woman still require another form of contraception?

A

yes- first 3 months follwing surgery then can stop

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11
Q

what are the forms of emergency contraception?

A

oral EC

copper IUD

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12
Q

up to how many days folowing sex can emergency contraception be used?

A

up to 5

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13
Q

what are the two kinds of oral Hormonal Emergency Contraception (EHC)?

A

UPA-EC, anti-progestogen

LNG-EC, high dose progestogen

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14
Q

who cannot recieve UCP-EC, anti progestogen?

A

those w asthma uncontrolled by oral steroids

if hormonal contracpetion has been taken in past 7 days

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15
Q

how do oral EHC work?

A

DELAY ovulation they ar enot abortifacient

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16
Q

The Abortion Act 1967 requires what?

A

two registered medical practioners share opinion abortion is jusitfied

registered medical practitioner can terminate pregnancy

any termination must take place in an NHS hospital or approved premises

17
Q

what are the different abortion forms in scotland?

A

HSA1 (cert A)

HSA2 (cert B)

HSA4

18
Q

who is required to sign a HSA1 (cert A)?

A

two doctors required to sign

19
Q

when must the HSA2 (certB) be completed?

A

completed by doctor within 24hrs of emergency abortion

20
Q

who must recieve a HSA4?

A

cheif medical officer within 7 days of abortion taking place

21
Q

what is conscientious objection?

A

docotrs have right to opt of of certain procedures becasue of personal values/beliefs

22
Q

what is the legal limit for termination of pregnancy?

A

23 weeks, 6 days

(Tayside- 18 weeks, 6 days)

23
Q

medical TOP takes place in 2 stages, what are they?

A

1) oral Mifepristone (anti-progesterone)
2) 24-48 hrs later vaginal or oral prostaglandin (misoprostol, gemeprost)

24
Q

what are the surgical options for TOP?

A

vacuum aspiration (6-12 weeks)

dilation and evacuation (not in scotland)

25
Q

what aftercare follows TOP?

A

urine pregnancy test at 2-3 weeks

anti-D within 72hrs

counselling offered

contracpetion

26
Q

How does surgery affect COCP?

A

should be stopped 4 weeks before and redtarted 2 weeks after

27
Q

which form of contraception risks ectopic pregnancy?

A

IUD and IUS if they fail

female sterilisation (could already be pregnant but egg stuck in tube as can’t implant in uterus)

28
Q

the COCP is assoc with an incresed risk of which cancers?

A

cervical and breast

29
Q

which emergency oral hormonal constracpeive works durign the LH surge?

A

UPA (anit-progesterone)

30
Q

which form of contraception is assoc with an increased risk of poor bone mineral density?

A

depo injections

31
Q

when is it safe for contracpetion to be stopped following menopause?

A

12 months after last period if >50yrs old

24 months after last period if <50yrs old

32
Q

which EHC can only be used once during menstrual cycle?

A

UPA

LNG can be used more than once

33
Q

pregnancy typically implants how many days after fertilisation?

A

8-10 days

34
Q

how does the IUD affect sperm?

A

reduces sperm motility and survival

11- Reproduction (19 decks)

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