Pathology Flashcards
1
Q
What is the progression of a cataract?
A
- degenerative change of fibres
- causes opacification
2
Q
What is the main cause of cataracts?
A
- UVB damage
- hypertension
- smoking
- diabetes
3
Q
What is Glaucoma?
A
- abnormal increase in pressure in the eye
4
Q
Where does normal vitreous fluid drain into?
A
- Trabecular meshwork
- Schlemm canal
5
Q
What causes glaucoma?
A
- blockage of the drainage through the trabecular meshwork
6
Q
What is primary open angled glaucoma?
A
- poor drainage at trabecular meshwork
- chronic, slow onset, asymptomatic
7
Q
What is angle closure glaucoma?
A
- drainage is patent, but iris is obstructing
- acute - emergency
8
Q
Cupping of the optic nerve looks like what?
A
- edges of disk rolled up and centre depressed
9
Q
What causes cupping of optic disk?
A
- increased intraocular pressure
10
Q
What causes papilloedema?
A
- increased intracranial pressure
11
Q
Scleritis vs episcleritis?
A
- scleritis = severe pain on movement
12
Q
What is scleritis often associated with?
A
- HLA
- SLE
13
Q
What is dry macular degeneration?
A
- no significant vascular proliferation
14
Q
What is wet macular degeneration?
A
- vascular proliferation
15
Q
What mediates wet macular degeneration?
A
- VEGF
