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First Aid MSK, Skin and CT > Pathology 3 > Flashcards

Pathology 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Progressive symmetrical proximal muscle weakness, endomysial inflammation with CD8+ cells

A

Polymyositis

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2
Q

Gottron Papules

A

Dermatomyositis, in elbows, knuckles and knees

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3
Q

Heliotrope (erythematous periorbital) rash

A

Dermatomyositis

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4
Q

Shawl and Face rash

A

Dermatomyositis

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5
Q

Anti-Jo-1, anti-SRP, anti-Mi-2 antibodies

A

Dermatomyositis

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6
Q

Treatment of Dermatomyositis

A

Steroids

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7
Q

Autoantibodies to post-synaptic ACh-R

A

Myasthenia Gravis

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8
Q

Worsens with muscle use

A

Myasthenia Gravis

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9
Q

Improves with muscle use

A

Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome

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10
Q

NMJ disease associated with Thymoma and thymic hyperplasia

A

Myasthenia Gravis

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11
Q

NMJ disease associated with Small Cell Lung Cancer

A

Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome

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12
Q

Autoantibodies to presynaptic Calcium channel

A

Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome

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13
Q

Bone in muscle, at site of known trauma or incidental finding

A

Myositis ossificans

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14
Q

Excessive fibrosis and collagen deposition throughout body. Widespread skin involvement, rapid progressoin, early visceral involvement.

A

Diffuse scleroderma

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15
Q

Limited skin involvement confined to fingers and face.

A

Limited Scleroderma

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16
Q

CREST syndrome

A

Calcinosis, Raynaud, Esophageal dysmotility, Sclerodactyly, Telangiectasia

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17
Q

Anticentromere antibody

A

CREST syndrome

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18
Q

Sclerosis of skin, puffy taut skin with absence of wrinkles. Sclerosis of renal, pulmonary, cardiovascular, and GI systems

A

Scleroderma

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19
Q

Flat lesion with well-circumscribed change in skin color <1cm

A

Macule

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20
Q

Macule >1cm

A

Patch

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21
Q

Elevated Solid lesion <1cm

A

Papule

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22
Q

Papule >1cm

A

Plaque

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23
Q

Small fluid-containing blister <1cm

A

Vesicle

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24
Q

Large fluid-containing blister >1cm

A

Bulla

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25
Q

Vesicle containing pus

A

Pustule

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26
Q

Wheal

A

Hives (uritcaria)

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27
Q

Flaking off of stratum corneum

A

Scale

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28
Q

dry exudate

A

crust

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29
Q

Increased thickness of stratum corneum

A

hyperkeratosis

30
Q

hyperkeratosis with retnetion of nuclei in stratum corneum

A

parakeratosis

31
Q

Epidermal accumulation of edematous fluid in intercellular spaces

A

Spongiosis

32
Q

Separation of epidermal cells

A

Acantholysis (seen in pemphigus vulgaris)

33
Q

Epidermal Hyperplasia (increased spinosum)

A

Acanthosis Nigricans

34
Q

Normal melanocyte number with decreased melanin production due to decreased tyrosine kinase

35
Q

Hyperpigmentation associated with pregnancy or OCP use

A

Melasma (Choasma)

36
Q

Irregular areas of complete depigmentation caused by destruction of melanocytes

37
Q

Ephelis

A

Freckle, normal number of melanocytes, increased melanin production

38
Q

Verrucae

A

Warts, cauliflower-like papules

39
Q

Pruritic eruption, commonly on skin flexures. Usually starts on the face in infancy and often appear antecubital fossae thereafter

A

Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)

40
Q

papules and plaques with silvery scaling esp on knees and elbows

41
Q

Auspitz Sign

A

pinpoint bleeding after removing a plaque, Psoriasis

42
Q

Flat, greasy, pigmented squamous epithelial proliferation with keratin-filled cysts (horn cysts)

A

Seborrheic Keratosis

43
Q

Stuck on lesions

A

Seborrheic Keratosis

44
Q

Leser-Trelat

A

sudden appearance of multiple seborrheic keratoses, indicating underlying malignancy. Think carcinoma in GI

45
Q

Very superficial skin infection, usually from S. aureus or S. pyogenes. Honey colored crusting

46
Q

Acute, painful, spreading infection of dermis and subQ tissues, usually from S. pyogenes or S. aureus

A

Cellulitis

47
Q

Deep tissue injury usually from anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes. Results in crepitus from methan and CO2 production

A

Necrotizing fascitis

48
Q

Exotoxin destroys keratinocyte attachments in the stratum granulosum. Fever and generalized erythematous rash with sloughing of the upper layers of the epidermis that heals completely

A

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome

49
Q

White, painless plaques on the tongue that cannot be scrapped off

A

Hairy leukoplakia

50
Q

Firm, pink, umbilicated plaques due to poxvirus

A

Molluscum Contagiosum

51
Q

IgG antibody against desmoglein (desmosome), oral mucosa involved

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

52
Q

Antibodies around epidermal cells in reticular (net-like) pattern

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

53
Q

Nikolsky Sign

A

Separation of epidermis upon manual stroking

Pemphigus vulgaris

54
Q

IgG antibody against hemidesmosome

A

Bullous Pemphigoid

55
Q

Tense blisters that contain eosinophils

A

Bullous Pemphigoid

56
Q

IF reveals linear pattern at epidermal-dermal junction

A

Bullous Pemphigoid

57
Q

IgA at the tips of dermal papillae

A

Dermatitis herpetiformis

58
Q

Target lesions, necrosis in the center - associated with mycoplasma pneumonia, HSV, sulfa drugs, beta-lactams, phenytoin, cancers and autoimmune disease

A

Erythema Multiforme

59
Q

Mucosal involvement of the eyes and lips after drug administration

A

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

60
Q

Severe form with >30% of the body surface area

A

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

61
Q

Acanthosis nigricans

A

Hyperpigmented velvety thickening of skin usually neck or axilla
associated with hyperinsulinoma and visceral malignancy

62
Q

Premalignant lesions caused by sun exposure. Small, rough, erythematous or brownish papules or plaques.

A

Actinic keratosis

63
Q

Painful inflammatory lesions of subcutaneous fat, usually on anterior shins

A

Erythema nodosum

64
Q

Infections that can cause erythema nodosum

A

sarcoidosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, TB, streptococcal infections, leprosy and Crohn

65
Q

6P’s of Lichen Planus

A

Pruritic, Purple, Polygonal, Planar, Papules and Plaques

66
Q

Wickham striae

A

reticular white lines, mucosal involvement of lichen planus

67
Q

Sawtooth infiltrate of lymphocytes at dermal-epidermal junction associated with hepatitis C

A

Lichen Planus

68
Q

Herald Patch

A

Pityriasis rosea

69
Q

Christmas tree pattern

A

Pityriasis rosea

70
Q

UVA

A

Dominant in tanning and photoaging

71
Q

UVB

72
Q

Coolest Irish Cider

First Aid MSK, Skin and CT (6 decks)

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