Pathology 1 - Reactive lesions of the oral mucosa

Question 1

What are the cell layers of epithelium?

Answer 1

• stratum corneum (keratin)
• stratum granulosum
• stratum spinosum
• stratum basale

Question 2

What are the gross types of oral mucosa?

Answer 2

• lining
• masticatory
• gustatory

Question 3

Describe the appearance of nonkeratinised epithelium.

Answer 3

• cells are loosely bound
• stores of glycogen

Question 4

Describe the appearance of keratinised epithelium.

Answer 4

• cells are tightly bound due to no muscles in area
• no glycogen stores

Question 5

Define acanthosis.

Answer 5

Hyperplasia of stratum spinosum

Question 6

What are elongated rete ridges?

Answer 6

Hyperplasia of basal cells

Question 7

Define atrophy.

Answer 7

Reduction in viable layers

Question 8

Define erosion.

Answer 8

Partial thickness loss

Question 9

Define ulceration.

Answer 9

Full thickness loss with fibrin on surface

Question 10

Define spongiosis.

Answer 10

Intercellular oedema

Question 11

Define dysplasia.

Answer 11

Disordered maturation in a tissue

Question 12

Define atypia.

Answer 12

Describes changes in cells

Question 13

What does a dark stain within a cell indicate?

Answer 13

Increase in DNA within cell

Question 14

What is meant by a peripheral epulides?

Answer 14

Originating from the gingiva, not the jaw bone

Question 15

What symptoms would be cause for concern regarding malignancy and epulides?

Answer 15

Patient with good OH with sudden mobility of multiple teeth

Question 16

Describe a giant cell epulis.

Answer 16

• multinucleated giant cells arranged in granulation tissue
• separated but no capsule
• bleeding is possible

Question 17

What are the causes of giant cell lesions?

Answer 17

• unphagocytosable material
• local chronic inflammation
• infective agents (eg TB)
• hormonal stimulation of osteoclasts
• sarcoidosis

Question 18

Describe how papillary hyperplasia of the palate presents on a histology slide.

Answer 18

Hyperplastic epithelium extends down in to underlying connective tissue

Question 19

What drugs commonly cause fibrous overgrowth of the gingiva?

Answer 19

• calcium channel blockers
• phenytoin
• cyclosporin

Question 20

How does sturge weber syndrome present?

Answer 20

• red vascular lesion on skin that extends along nerve branches
• can be seen intra-orally, presents with blue lesion in nerve region

Question 21

Define hamartoma.

Answer 21

Normal tissue but greatly increased in number