20 - Salivary enlargement Flashcards
1
Q
What are common reasons for change in salivary gland size?
A
- viral inflammation (mumps, HIV)
- secretion retention (mucocele, duct obstruction)
- gland hyperplasia (sialosis, Sjögren’s syndrome)
2
Q
What prevents salivary enlargement from mumps?
A
MMR vaccine
3
Q
What are common symptoms of mumps?
A
- headache
- joint pain
- nausea
- dry mouth
- abdominal pain
- fatigue
- loss of appetite
- fever
4
Q
What causes mumps?
A
Paramyxovirus
5
Q
How is mumps spread?
A
- droplets
- incubation 2-3 weeks
6
Q
What is a mucocele?
A
- secretion retention in duct (mucus retention cyst) or extravasated into the tissue (mucus extravastion cyst)
7
Q
What are the symptoms of a mucocele?
A
- recurrent swelling that bursts in a few days
- salty taste
- common sites are vibrating line and lower lip
8
Q
What is the management of mucoceles?
A
Can be excised if they become fixed in size
9
Q
Which duct is most commonly affected by an obstruction?
A
- submandibular
- due to length
10
Q
Describe a sub acute obstruction.
A
- swelling is associated with meals as salivary flow increases
- slowly progressive over weeks
- eventually becomes fixed and painful
11
Q
What is the most common obstruction in the submandibular duct?
A
Duct blockage
12
Q
What is the most common obstruction in the parotid duct?
A
Duct stricture
13
Q
What are the causes of duct blockage?
A
- sialolith (stones)
- mucous plugging
14
Q
What are the causes of duct stricture?
A
Ductal damage from chronic infection and scarring
15
Q
What investigations can be done for subacute obstruction?
A
- sialography is low dose plain radiography (lower true occlusal)
- isotope scan if gland function is uncertain
- US assessment of duct system
