Pathologies - Exam 3

Question 1

end stage kidney disease

Answer 1

10-15% renal function
requires dialysis

Question 2

dialysis types

Answer 2

hemodialysis (machine based)
peritoneal dialysis (manually by patient)

Question 3

trendlenberg test

Answer 3

pelvis drops to one side during normal gait
damage to superior gluteal nerve (innervates gluteus medius and minimus)
may be called “foot drop” but isn’t
weak gluteal or posterior hip muscles will prevent pelvis from remaining stable during walking
requires trendlenberg test

Question 4

shin splints

Answer 4

tearing and inflammation of periosteum where tibialis anterior meets tibia

Question 5

foot drop

Answer 5

damage to common fibular nerve (wraps around fibular head superficially, vulnerable)
loss of anterior (deep fibular) and later (superficial fibular) compartment motor innervation
loss of eversion and dorsiflexion causes foot to drag during gait cycle

Question 6

prolapse

Answer 6

uterus descending into vagina
usually due to weak or damaged pelvic floor

Question 7

cervical cancer

Answer 7

cancerous cells originating from cervix and spreading to surrounding tissues

Question 8

purpose of pap smear

Answer 8

examine sample of cervical cells for abnormalities

Question 9

prostate cancer

Answer 9

generally grows from posterior portion (peripheral zone) of prostate
may be detected by digital exam through rectum