Pathogenesis and infection

Question 1

Infection?

Answer 1

Growth of microorganisms in or on host

Question 2

Disease?

Answer 2

Tissue damage or injury

Question 3

How?

Answer 3

Pathogens –> epithilial cells or on each other by biofilsm –> tissue

Question 4

Adherence?

Answer 4

Ability to attach and gain access by way of the portal of entry.

Question 5

Adhesins?

Answer 5

Receptors for attachment - usually specific for tissues

Question 6

Capsules?

Answer 6

Receptors that increase adherence and protect against the host cell defence.

Question 7

Colonization?

Answer 7

Growth @ sites in mucus membranes that consist of epthelial cells.

Question 8

The big 3 - IID?

Answer 8

Infection, invasion, disease

Question 9

Invasion?

Answer 9

Ability of pathogen to enter host cell or tissues, spreading and causing disease. usually selflimiting as they do not grow in blood.

Question 10

Bacterimia?

Answer 10

Low presence of bacteria in blood.

Question 11

Septicemia?

Answer 11

Spreading from the initial focus and produces toxins.

Question 12

Viremia?

Answer 12

Presence of virus in the blood

Question 13

Pathogenesis?

Answer 13

The overall ability to cause disease –> Mediated by virulence factors - ex. capsules.

Question 14

Virulence?

Answer 14

The measurement that depends on the pathogens relative ability to adhere - colonize - invade

The net outcome of host-pathogen interaction as it is a dynamic relationship in ever-changing conditions.

LD50

Question 15

Attenuation?

Answer 15

High or low virulence of pathogens and can be alttered by mutations by modification of the S-proteins or inability to produce a virulence factor.

Attenuated strains –> Vaccines because it has stronger immune respons