Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Immuno > pathogen/disease buzzwords > Flashcards

pathogen/disease buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

bark-like cough, children

A

parainfluenza virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, many strains, winter

A

influenza virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

immunity not useful, 100+ serotypes, common

A

rhinovirus, coronavirus (common colds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

more severe in infants, respiratory distress, nosocomial

A

RSV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

swimming pools, vaccines for military personnel, resistant to disinfectants, conjunctivitis

A

adenovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

wrestlers, rugby players

A

herpes gladiatorum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cold sore

A

herpes labialis (HSV 1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

“cropping” rash, risk to unvaccinated, latency, reactivation

A

varicella-zoster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

transplant complication, most important cause of congenital viral infection, HIV patients at risk

A

cytomegalovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

jaundice, acute hepatitis, raw shellfish, vaccine, IgM

A

hepatitis A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

acute hepatitis, underdeveloped nations, contaminated water, IgM

A

hepatitis E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

hepatitis, antigen-antibody, vaccine, IV drug use

A

hepatitis B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hepatitis, coinfection

A

hepatitis D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

coryza, cough, conjunctivitis, koplik’s spots, risk to unvaccinated, fatal pneumonia

A

measles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

“slapped cheek” rash, arthralgias in adults

A

parvovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

puffy cheeks, risk to unvaccinated

A

mumps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

cervical cancer, high risk genotypes, warts, vaccines

A

HPV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

paralysis, aseptic meningitis, vaccine

A

polio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

summer cold

A

non-polio enteroviruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

opportunistic infections, depleted CD4 cells, high risk populations

A

HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

bite wound, neurological symptoms, hydrophobia, negri bodies, death

A

rabies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

urban and sylvatic cycles, encephalitis, arthropod vectors

A

arboviruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cervical cancer/high risk genotypes (specify disease and genotypes)

A

HPV 16 and 18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

urban and sylvatic cycles, jaundice, vaccine, hemmorhagic fever

A

yellow fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

bone and joint pain, hemorrhagic fever, urban transmission, mosquitos

A

dengue fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q
  • coagulase +, catalase +, pus-forming, nosocomial
  • gram +
A

s. aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q
  • coagulase -, catalase +
  • implanted devices are a risk
  • gram + cocci
A

s. epidermidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q
  • coagulase -, catalase +, novobiocin resistant
  • UTI, cystitis
  • gram +
A

s. saprophyticus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q
  • catalase -, bacitracin sensitive, beta-hemolytic
  • pharyngitis, cellulitis,
  • post-infection sequelae
A

strep pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q
  • # 1 cause neonatal meningitis
  • gram + cocci, bacitracin resistant
  • mother –> baby
A

strep agalactiae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q
  • strawberry tongue, white coated tongue, phage infection
A

scarlet fever by s. pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

tonsilar exudates, sore throat, malaise, fever

A

pharyngitis by s. pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

gram + cocci, polysaccharide + conjugate vaccine, alpha hemolytic, optochin sensitive

A

strep pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

oral flora, optochin resistant, alpha-hemolytic, dental procedures

A

strep viridans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

gram + cocci, catheter pts/long term hospitalization, UTI

A

enterococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

deli meat/unpasteurized dairy, gram + coccobacilli, meningitis in pregnancy

A

listeria monocytogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

TDaP vaccine, uncommon in US, pseudomembrane formation, toxin delivery on lysogenic phage, gram + bacilli

A

corynebacterium diphtheriae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

mycelia, sulfur granules in culture, normal mouth flora, pus, risk with aspiration

A

actinomyces israelii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

can view under wood’s/UV light

A

corynebacterium minutissimum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

urease production, spirochete, gram - bacilli, ulcers

A

h. pylori

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

opportunistic, survival inside macrophages, gram + rods, filament forming

A

nocardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

dog bite, cellulitis at wound

A

pasteurella multocida, c. canimorsus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

cat scratch disease

A

bartonella henselae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

intra-abdominal infections when normal flora enters sterile sites, obligate anaerobe, gram -

A

bacteroides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

tetanospasmin toxin, TDaP, spores, wound contamination

A

clostridium tetani

43
Q

follicle infection, acne

A

propionibacterium acne

43
Q

gram + bacilli, spore formers, gas gangrene, enterotoxin lyses WBCs

A

clostridium perfringens

43
Q

antibiotic-related diarrhea, gram + blunt end bacilli, spores

A

c. dificile

44
Q

gram + spore former, botulin toxin, improper food storage, honey

A

clostridium botulinum

45
Q

gram - diplococci, intracellular, meningitis, dorms/prisons/schools, cross BBB, vaccine

A

neisseria meningitidis

46
Q

otitis media, sinusitis, gram - coccobacilli

A

moraxella catarrhalis

46
Q

intracellular gram - diplococci, urethritis, thick discolored discharge

A

neisseria gonorrhoeae

47
Q

cysteine, BCY agar, intracellular, type IV secretion system, hot tubs/lakes

A

legionella pneumophila

48
Q

1 cause of atypical pneumonia, toxic metabolite production, fried egg appearance

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

49
Q

gram - coccobacilli, whooping cough, pertussis and adenylate cyclase toxins

A

bordatella pertussis

50
Q

intracellular gram -, urethritis, infectious blindness, infant pneumonia

A

chlamydia trachomatis

51
Q

gram - intracellular, pneumonia, crowded conditions

A

chlamydia pneumoniae

52
Q

intracellular gram -. 4 fold rise in titer, birds

A

chlamydia psittaci

53
Q

gram -, burns, ICU, wet environment puncture wound, exotoxin A

A

p. aeruginosa

54
Q

lyme disease, tick bite, intracellular, spirochete

A

borrella burgdorferi

55
Q

syphillis, spirochete, chancre

A

treponema pallidum

56
Q

gram - coccobacilli, chocolate agar w/ X and V, agglutination capsule test, B vs non B

A

haemophilus influenzae

57
Q

typhus, lice, intracellular

A

rickettsia prowazekii

57
Q

rocky mountain spotted fever, intracellular, tick bite

A

rickettsia rickettsii

58
Q

bubonic plague, black death, survival inside APCs, fleas

A

yersinia pestis

59
Q

gram + bacilli, spore former, bioweapon, plasmid

A

bacillus anthracis

60
Q

skinning, butchering game, intracellular, macrophage infection, gram - rod

A

francisella tularensis

61
Q

daycare/children, diarrhea, non lactose fermenter, gram - rod

A

shigella flexneri

62
Q

glucose fermenter, non-lactose fermenter, gram - rod, eggs, birds

A

salmonella enterica

63
Q

pork chitterlings, non-lactose fermenter, diarrhea, gram - rod

A

yersinia enterolitica

64
Q

lactose and glucose fermenter, community acquired pneumonia in UTI patients, UTI in hospital, gram - rod

A

k. pneumoniae

65
Q

microaerophilic gram -, contaminated water, diarrhea

A

campylobacter jejuni

66
Q

gram -, sorbitol and glucose fermentation, most ferment lactose, UTI

67
Q

second most common cause of neonatal meningitis

A

e. coli K1

68
Q

gram -, traveler’s diarrhea, enterotoxin

A

enterotoxigenic E. coli

69
Q

gram -, beef, hemolysin, type III secretion

A

enterohemorrhagic e. coli

70
Q

comma shaped gram -, rice water stool, brackish water, shellfish, A/B toxin

A

vibrio cholerae

71
Q

gram - comma shaped, shellfish (oysters), brackish water

A

vibrio vulnificus

72
Q

obligate anaerobe, acid fast stain, intracellular, tubercle formation, RIPE antibiotics

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

73
Q

acid fast bacilli, PPD -

A

m. avium complex

74
Q

spaghetti and meatballs pattern in KOH stain, superficial skin only, macules

A

malassezia fungi

75
Q

annular itchy, scaly lesion, cutaneous, tinea, KOH mount

A

epidermophyton, microsporum, tricophyton

76
Q

adolescents/adults, wet environments, more common in men, interdigital macerations and yellow-green discoloration w/ debris

A

tinea pedis w/ onychomycosis

77
Q

tropical, subcutaneous, splinter/thorn, black grains in biopsy

A

madurella mycetomatis

78
Q

chestnut brown, rotten wood, cayenne pepper appearance

A

chromoblastomycosis

79
Q

rose gardener, dimorphic at different temperatures, cigar-shaped budding, subcutaneous

A

sporotrichosis

80
Q

opportunistic, spelunking, barn cleaning, birds/bats, narrow-based budding yeast

A

histoplasmosis

81
Q

spherule, endemic to southwest USA, pneumonia

A

coccidioides

82
Q

non-dimorphic, opportunistic, AIDS-defining, thrush

A

candida albicans

83
Q

ground glass opacity, no ergosterol, pneumonia

A

pneumocystis jirovecii

84
Q

pigeon droppings, pneumonia

A

cryptococcus neoformans

85
Q

common mold, acute branching, hypersensitivity 1, ground glass infiltrates, fungus ball

A

aspergillus

86
Q

right angle branching, ribbon like hyphae, diabetics, rhino-orbital-cerebral

A

mucormycosis

87
Q

amoebic cysts, trophozoites, mexico, central america, sewage systems

A

entamoeba histolytica

88
Q

3rd world water infection, beavers, acute vs chronic, backpackers and kayakers

A

giardia lamblia

89
Q

poorly treated water, infectious in both forms, oocysts, sporozoites, swimming pools

A

cytosporum parvum

90
Q

strawberry cervix, discharge, sexual contact

A

trichomoniasis vaginalis

91
Q

mosquito, TNFa, IL-1, blood smear, symptoms every other day

92
Q

amastigote, promastigote, sand fly, pentavalent treatment

A

leishmania

93
Q

most common helminth infection in US, pinworm, perianal pruritis

A

enterobius vermicularis

94
Q

kato-katz smear, chronic vs migratory phases, roundworm

A

ascaris lumbricoides

95
Q

nematode, peptic ulcer-like symptoms, eosinophilia, autoinfection cycle

A

strongyloides stercoralis

96
Q

tapered ends, terminal plugs of ova, poverty, colitis/IBD

A

trichuris trichiura whipworm

97
Q

striated muscle, muscle cysts, triad of periorbital edema, myalgia, eosinophilia

A

trichinella spiralis

98
Q

meat and fish handlers, microaerophile, violaceous lesion on hand/finger, pruritis, burning

A

erysipeloid

99
Q

septic vegetations of endocardium, slower-paced, microbes rarely spread hematogenously, s. viridans

A

subacute endocarditis

100
Q

septic vegetations of endocardium, fast paced + rapid damage, microbes spread hematogenously, febrile

A

acute endocarditis

101
Q

adhesins adhere to bone, survival inside osteoclasts, can be hematogenous

A

osteomyelitis caused by S. aureus

102
Q

leukocyte esterase dipstick, nitrite +, dysuria, often pyuria and proteinuria

103
Q

leukocyte esterase dipstick, flank/lumbar pain, fever, chills, nausea, pyuria

A

pyelonephritis

104
Q

1 cause of uncomplicated community-acquired UTI

105
Q

no classic signs of cystitis, complex to diagnose

A

silent pyelonephritis

Immuno (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions