Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Immuno > antibiotics, antiseptics, disinfectants E3 > Flashcards

antibiotics, antiseptics, disinfectants E3 Flashcards

1
Q

aminoglycosides: bacteriostatic/cidal?

A

bactericidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

beta-lactams: bacteriostatic/cidal?

A

bactericidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

fluoroquinolones: bacteriostatic/cidal?

A

bactericidal
- cause breaks in bacterial DNA: lethal if unrepaired

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

vancomycin: bacteriostatic/cidal?

A

bacteridical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

rifampins: bacteriostatic/cidal?

A

bactericidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

metronidazole: bacteriostatic/cidal?

A

bactericidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

tetracyclines: bacteriostatic/cidal?

A

bacteriostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

macrolides: bacteriostatic/cidal?

A

bacteriostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

sulfa drugs: bacteriostatic/cidal?

A

bacteriostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

clindamycin: bacteriostatic/cidal?

A

bacteriostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

fluoroquinolones: target

A

DNA gyrase, topoisomerase IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

rifampins: target

A

RNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

metronidazole: target

A

produces compounds toxic to DNA –> inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sulfa drugs: target

A

inhibits folic acid synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

fluoroquinolones: spectrum of activity

A

broad spectrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

community-acquired pneumonia: common empirical treatment

A

levofloxacin or moxifloxacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

rifampins: target

A

RNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

metronidazole: target/mechanism

A

DNA: produces free radicals that are toxic to DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

sulfanilamide: analog of, target/mechanism

A
  • sulfa drug that is an analog of PABA
  • targets folic acid synthesis: no folic acid = no bacterial growth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

trimethoprim: analog of, target/mechanism

A

analog of DHF: binds DHF reductase, blocks formation of folic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

sulfa/folic acid synthesis inhibitors: spectrum

A

broad, however resistance is rising

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

vancomycin: mechanism of action, target

A
  • targets cell wall synthesis
  • binds D-alanine dimer at end of crosslinking peptide of bacteria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

vancomycin: spectrum of activity

A

gram +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

beta-lactam antibiotics: mechanism of action

A

inhibit transpeptidases (penicillin binding proteins)
stops cross-linking, weakens cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

penicillins: spectrum

A

very broad: both gram +, gram -

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

aminoglycosides: spectrum

A

broad: mostly gram -
inactive against anaerobes

25
Q

aminoglycosides, tetracyclines: mechanism of action

A

blocks protein synthesis by binding 30S subunit
usually bactericidal

26
Q

tetracyclines: spectrum

A

broad
good for intracellular

27
Q

linezolid spectrum

A

gram + only

27
Q

macrolides, linezolid, clindamycin: mechanism of action

A

blocks protein synthesis by binding 50S –> inhibits transpeptidation

28
Q

alcohols: disinfectant or antiseptic

29
Q

alcohols: kill

A

everything but spores

30
Q

hydrogen peroxide: disinfectant or antiseptic

A

disinfectant

31
Q

hydrogen peroxide: kills

A

everything: can kill spores

32
Q

chlorine: disinfectant or antiseptic

A

disinfectant

33
Q

chlorine: kills

A

everything, including some spores

34
Q

iodophors: disinfectant or antiseptic

35
Q

iodophors: kill

A

bacteria, fungi, viruses
some mycobacteria
does not kill spores

36
Q

chlorohexidine: disinfectant or antiseptic

A

antiseptic

37
Q

chlorohexidine: kills

A

everything but spores

38
Q

staph aureus treatment

A

MSSA: nafcillin
MRSA: vancomycin

39
Q

staph epidermidis treatment

A

vancomycin w/ rifampin or gentamycin

40
Q

staph saprophyticus treatment

A

penicillin

41
Q

strep pyogenes treatment

A

penicillin

41
Q

strep agalactiae treatment

A

penicillin

42
Q

strep pneumoniae treatment

A

differs per disease:
amoxicillin-clavulanate for otitis media, sinusitis
vancomycin, ceftriaxone for pneumonia

43
Q

listeria treatment

A

ampicillin

44
Q

corynebacterium diphtheriae treatment

A

anti-sera w/ penicillin or erythromycin

45
Q

a. israelii treatment

A

penicillin

46
Q

nocardia treatment

47
Q

strep viridans treatment

A

vancomycin, ceftazidime

48
Q

enterococus treatment

A

B lactams
vancomycin + aminoglycoside

49
Q

bite wounds treatment

A

amoxicillin-clavulanate

50
Q

bartonella henselae treatment

A

macrolides

51
Q

b. fragilis treatment

A

empiric: w/ cephalosporin + metronidazole

52
Q

c. tetani treatment

A

antitoxin
penicillin, metronidazole

53
Q

gas gangrene treatment

A

surgical debridement
high dose penicillin + gentamycin

54
Q

necrotizing enteritis treatment

A

fluid and salt supplement, cephalosporins, metronidazole

55
Q

botulism treatment

A

botulinum antitoxin, babyBIG for infants

56
Q

neisseria meningitidis treatment

A

cephalosporins

57
Q

neisseria gonorrhoeae treatment

A

cephalosporin + azithromycin for possible chlamydia

58
Q

moraxella catarrhalis treatment

A

amoxicillin-clavulanate

59
Q

legionella pneumophila treatment

A

macrolides, levofloxacin

60
Q

mycoplasma pneumonia treatment

A

empiric: macrolide

Immuno (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions