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BSN Program > Patho final disorders > Flashcards

Patho final disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Irritable bowel syndrome

A

Des: long term digestive condition where someone experiences changes in bowel movements and abdominal pan.
Signs and symptoms:
- bloating
- nausea
-migraine headaches
-excessive gas
Treatment:
anti-inflammatory drugs and antimicrobials

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2
Q

Peritonitis

A

Def: inflammation of peritoneal lining
Signs and symptoms: abdomen pain, fluid in abdomen, low blood pressure, dehydration
Treatment: antibiotics, surgery, IV fluids, relocation of dialysis

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3
Q

Urethritis

A

Def: inflammation of the urethra

Signs and Symptoms: abdominal pain, enlarged groin & lymph nodes, pain during urination

Treatment: antibiotics, ibprophen, pain relivers

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4
Q

Glomerulonephritis

A

Def: inflammation of the glomeruli

Signs and Symptoms: swelling of feet, face, belly, blood and protein in urine, high blood pressure

Treatment: corticosteroids, dialysis, kidney transplant

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5
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Def: pink eye, small blood vessels in the conjunctiva become swollen and irritated

Signs and symptoms: redness, itchiness, discharge and crust

treatment: eye drops, cleaning eyelid, antiviral meds

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6
Q

Cataracts

A

Def: clouding of the lens from proteins breaking down

Signs and symptoms: cloudy or blurry visions, harsh lights seem too bright.

Treatment: surgical removal, change in prescription

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7
Q

Otitis Media

A

Def: inflammation or infection of middle ear

Signs and symptoms: sever pain, earache, membrane red and bulging, hearing loss.

Treatment: Ibuprofen, antibacterial, decongestant, surgery

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8
Q

Meniere Syndrome

A

Def: inner ear labyrinth disorder causing vertigo and nausea

Signs and symptoms: severe vertigo, tinnitus, unilateral hearing loss, nystagmus-involuntary eye movement

Treatment: no cure, meds, therapies, surgical intervention

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9
Q

Dysphagia

A

Def: difficulty swallowing

Signs and symptoms: difficulty swallowing, pain, feeling food come back up, a lump in throat.

Treatment: swallowing therapy, dietary modifications, meds, surgery

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10
Q

Esophageal cancer

A

Def: cancer that develops in the esophagus

Signs and symptoms: weight loss, chest pain, heartburn, coughing

Treatment: surgery, esophagectomy, chemotherapy, laparoscopic surgery

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11
Q

Pyelonephritis

A

Def: kidney infection, bacterial or viral infection that causes inflammation

Signs and symptoms: fever, pain in lower back, pain when urinating, blood or cloudy urine

Treatment: antibiotics, surgery

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12
Q

Urolithiasis

A

Def: Formation of stones in urinary tract

Signs and symptoms: severe pain from back to groin, hematuria, constant and painful urination

Treatment: Meds, surgery, hydration

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13
Q

Glaucoma

A

Def: Chronic eye condition that causes vision loss or blindness

Signs and symptoms: asymptomatic at fist, slowly loses peripheral vision

Treatment: eye drops, laser, surgical

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14
Q

Otosclerosis

A

Def: abnormal bone growth in middle ear, leading to hearing loss and balance problems

Signs and symptoms: hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo

Treatment: hearing aids, stapedectomy, sodium fluoride tablets

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15
Q

Pancreatic cancer

A

Def: malignant tumor in tissues if pancreas

Signs and symptoms: abdominal pain, weight loss, jaundice

Treatment: surgery, chemo, radiation

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16
Q

Jaundice

A

Def: yellowing of skin from excess bilirubin in blood

Signs and symptoms: yellow discoloration, dark urine, itching

Treatment: meds. lifestyle changes, relieve bile duct obstructions

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17
Q

Polycystic kidney disorder

A

Def: genetic condition where growth of numerous cysts in kidney, leading to damage and failure

signs and symptoms: high blood pressure, back or side pan, kidney stones, blood in urine

Treatment: no cure, treat symptoms, antibiotics

18
Q

Cystitis

A

Def: urinary tract infection resulting in inflammation of the bladder

Signs and symptoms: frequent painful urination, pain in lower abdomen, smelly bloody cloudy urine

Treatments: antibiotics, proper hygiene, pain relivers. increased fluids.

19
Q

Diabetic retinopathy

A

Def: diabetes complication that affects the eyes

Signs and symptoms: spots or dark stings in eye, blurry vision, vision loss

Treatment: laser treatment, vitrectomy, injecting meds

20
Q

Amblyopia’s

A

Def: lazy eye

signs and symptoms: eye wandering inward or outward, poor depth perception, head tilting

Treatment: corrective eyewear, eye patches, eye drops, surgery

21
Q

Hemorrhoids

A

Def: swollen veins in anus lower rectum

Signs and symptoms: itching or irritation in anus, swelling around anus, bleeding

Treatment: high fiber foods, hemorrhoid cream, pain relievers, removal, stapling

22
Q

Appendicitis

A

Def: inflammation of appendix

Signs and symptoms: sudden pain around belly then moves, pain worsens with sudden movements, constipation or diarrhea

Treatment: surgery and antibiotics

23
Q

urinary incontinence

A

Def: loss of bladder control

Signs and symptoms: leaking, involuntary excretion, dribbling

Treatment: bladder training, double voiding, fluid and diet management

24
Q

Presbyopia

A

Def: gradual loss of eyes being able to focus on nearby objects

Signs and symptoms: blurred vision, eye strain, headaches, needing more light

Treatment: corrective eye wear, refractive surgery, lens implants.

25
Q

Strabismus

A

Def: vision disorder for crossed eyed or hypertropia

Signs and symptoms: misaligned eye, tilting, frequent blinking

Treatment: glasses, surgery, eye patch, Botox

26
Q

Hiatal hernia

A

Def: abdominal organs pass through diaphragm into the chest

Signs and symptoms: heart burn, regurgitation, feeling full, chest or abdominal pain

Treatment: surgery, drugs

27
Q

Renal Abscess

A

Def: painful pus filled lump that appears near the anus

Signs and symptoms: pain with throbbing, swelling, discharge pf pus, constipations

Treatment: draining, baths, heal on its own.

28
Q

Macular degeneration

A

Def: eye condition affecting the central part of the retina, leading to vision loss.

Signs and symptoms: blurred central vision, dark sports in center of eye, straight lines seem wavy, faded colors

Treatment: vitamins, vision aids, laser

29
Q

Nephrotic syndrome

A

Def: disorder resulting from damage to glomeruli

Signs and symptoms: sharp stabbing pain in the back, blood , cloudy, foul smelling pee

Treatment: Diuretics, corticosteroids, high blood pressure

30
Q

Gastric Cancer

A

Def: malignant cells forming in the lining of the stomach

Treatment: surgery, chemo, radiation

Signs and symptoms: indigestion, vomiting, difficulty swallowing, abdominal pain, blood in stool or vomit

31
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

Def: Inflammatory bowel disease affecting any part of the GI

Signs and symptoms: abdominal pain, diarrhea, mouth sores, nutritional deficiencies

Treatment: meds, anti-inflammatory, dietary changes, surgery

32
Q

Sjogren syndrome

A

Def: Chronic autoimmune disease affecting the body’s moisture producing glands.

signs and symptoms: dry eyes, dry mouth, cracked lips, swollen salivary glands, joint pain, peripheral neuropathy.

Treatment: artificial tears, NSAIDS, life style changes.

33
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

Def: chronic inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the colon

Symptoms: diarrhea, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, weight loss and malnutrition

Treatment: corticosteroids, antibiotics, surgery, lifestyle changes

34
Q

Hydronephrosis

A

Def: swelling of both kidneys due to buildup of urine due to a blockage in the urinary tract

Symptoms: painful and frequent urination, hematuria, swelling in abdomen, infections

Treatment: draining urine, antibiotics, surgery, stents, meds, chemo

35
Q

Tinnitus

A

Def: ringing noise in one or both ears

Symptoms: ringing constant noise, different touches change the quality of sound, may pulse

Treatment: no cure, hearing aids, meds

36
Q

Chronic kidney disease

A

Def: kidneys gradually lose their ability to function over three months

Symptoms: swelling, skin changes, urination, insomnia, bone pain, numbness

Treatment: dialysis, kidney transplant, blood pressure meds, blood thinners, calcium vitamin D

37
Q

Celiac Disease

A

Def: chronic digestive and immune disorder that damages small intestine

Symptoms: diarrhea, abdominal pain, gas, weight loss, anemia, skin rash

Treatment: strict, gluten free diet

38
Q

Peptic ulcers

A

Def: open sores in the lining of the stomach

symptoms: pain in upper abdomen, bloating, stools are black or dark red, heart burn

Treatment: antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, antacids, surgery, probiotics

39
Q

colorectal cancer

A

Def: cancer that happens in the colon or rectum

Symptoms: change in bowel, blood in stool, diarrhea, abdominal aches

Treatment: surgery and chemo

40
Q

Renal cell carcinoma

A

Def: cancer that forms in the lining of the kidney tubules

Symptoms: blood in urine, pain on both sides, firm lump in abdomen, anemia

Treatment: surgery, ablation, radiation, chemo

41
Q

Otis externa

A

Def: swimmer ear, inflammation of the ear canal caused by bacteria, fungus

Symptoms: redness of outer ear, itching, drainage from ear, swelling, muffled hearing

Treatment: antibiotic ear drops, pain medication, keeping ear dry

42
Q

Detached Retina

A

Def: detached retina from the back of the eye

Symptoms: floaters, shadows. visual field defects

Treatment: laser therapy, cryotherapy, surgery

BSN Program (6 decks)

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