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EBSE > Path > Flashcards

Path Flashcards

1
Q

intrinsic pathway of apoptosis - what makes it happen, and how does it proceed

A

happens when growth factor is withdrawn or exposed to injurious stimuli
inc mitochondrial permeability, cytochrome c release > cell death

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2
Q

extrinsic apoptosis - how does it happen

A

Fas ligand binding to Fas

or cytotoxic T cell

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3
Q

cytokine need to form and maintain granulomas

A

TNF

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4
Q

3 conditions that have a dec ESR

A

sickle cell
polycythemia
CHF

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5
Q

mechanism of damage from iron poisoning

A

peroxidation of membrane lipids

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6
Q

waxy appearing tissues are assoc w/ what disease

A

amyloidosis

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7
Q

primary (AL) vs secondary (AA) amyloidosis

A

AL - deposition of Ig light chains. assoc w/ plasma cell disorder or multiple myeloma

AA - deposition of fibrils of amyloid A. assoc w/ chronic inflammatory conditions like RA, IBD, etc.

both are systemic w/ similar manifestations

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8
Q

dialysis related amyloidosis

A

deposition of beta 2 microglobulin. mostly affects joints / carpal tunnel

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9
Q

desmoplasia

A

fibrous tissue formation in response to neoplasm

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10
Q

cancer assoc w/ Down syndrome

A

ALL, AML

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11
Q

cancer assoc w/ Plummer Vinson syndrome

A

SCC of esophagus

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12
Q

cancer assoc w/ acanthosis nigricans

A

visceral malignancies (stomach, lung, uterus, etc)

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13
Q

c-myc assoc w/

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

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14
Q

bcl-2 assoc w/

A

follicular and undifferentiated lymphomas

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15
Q

ras assoc w/

A

colon CA

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16
Q

L-myc assoc w/

A

Lung CA

17
Q

N-myc assoc w/

A

neuroblastoma

18
Q

ret assoc w/

A

multiple endocrine neoplasia 2a and 2b

19
Q

c-kit assoc w/

A

GI stromal tumor

20
Q

p16 and BRAF assoc w/

A

melanoma

21
Q

APC assoc w/

A

colon CA

22
Q

WT1 assoc w/

A

Wilm’s tumor (nephroblastoma)

23
Q

DPC4 assoc w/

A

pancreatic CA

24
Q

DCC assoc w/

A

colon CA

25
Q

CEA tumor marker

A

carcinoembryonic antigen

nonspecific, but most colorectal and pancreatic CAs make it

26
Q

CA-125 tumor marker

A

ovarian cancer

27
Q

S100 tumor marker

A

melanoma, neural tumors, schwannomas

28
Q

bombesin tumor marker

A

neuroblastoma, lung, gastric CA

29
Q

TRAP tumor marker

A

tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase

hairy cell leukemia

30
Q

CA19-9 tumor marker

A

pancreatic CA

31
Q

psammoma bodies seen in:

A

papillary adenoCA of thyroid
serous papillary cystadenoCA of ovary
meningioma
malignant mesothelioma

EBSE (18 decks)

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