paternalism and hierarchy

Question 1

paternalism is the belief that the state should

Answer 1

exert a benign influence from above , governing in the interests of the people

Question 2

this concept of paternalism reflects the conservatives view that authority when exercised responsibility can be

Answer 2

a source for good , guiding society toward stability and welfare

Question 3

conservatives believe that paternalism enhances the social fabric and maintains stability in society by

Answer 3

ensuring that those in positions of power use their authority for the greater good

Question 4

the principle of paternalism is also rooted in their belief in human imperfection unlike liberals they believe that

Answer 4

not all individuals are equally capable of self governance and therefore might benefit from guidance and support

Question 5

closely linked to paternalism is the conservatives strong support for hierarchy , cons regard hierarchal structures as

Answer 5

natural and necessary for maintaining order and stability in society

Question 6

cons view hierarchy as a natural and inevitable aspect of any well order society they argue that people are

Answer 6

inherently different in terms of abilities , talents and capacities .

Question 7

this view on hierarchal structures not only reflect the natural differences but also ensure those best suited to

Answer 7

leadership and decision making roles are placed in most effected positions

Question 8

traditional cons interpretation of paternalism is based on the view that the state , embodying tradition and pragmatism , thus knows

Answer 8

what is best for them , and citizens should follow what the state says

Question 9

traditional cons approach is authoritarian in nature as it involves a top down method of decision making and governance by

Answer 9

ruling elite who are in power , with no input from the general populace

Question 10

traditional cons believe this model is necessary to ensure stability , order and the overall well being in society , in their view it is the

Answer 10

states responsibility to protect and provide for its citizens

Question 11

traditional cons view of paternalism also emphasises that the average citizen may not be best equipped to make

Answer 11

decisions about complex societal issues and hence its better for a state to make those choices

Question 12

linked to an authoritarian state was traditional cons strong support for hierarchy viewing it

Answer 12

as an essential comment of a well ordered and functioning society

Question 13

traditions cons see hierarchy as providing clear roles and expectations for individuals contributing to

Answer 13

social harmony and preventing chaos whilst promoting respect for tradition and authority

Question 14

in ‘ reflections on the revolution in France ‘ Burke demonstrated his belief that hierarchy in society is natural by stating

Answer 14

“we fear god; we look up with awe to kings; with affection to parliaments; with duty to magistrates ; with reverence to priests and with respect to nobility”

Question 15

“good order is the foundation of all good things “ Burke , notable that

Answer 15

this specific phrasing does not appear in his work

Question 16

traditional cons support for hierarchy can be seen in the early 19th century by the fact many of them were initially opposed to the

Answer 16

1832 reform act , redistributing parliamentary seats and expanding the elctorate to include more middle class men

Question 17

traditional cons feared that the 1832 reform act , altering the existing electoral system would disrupt

Answer 17

the social order and under,ien the influence of the aristocracy

Question 18

one nation cons are ardent supporters of paternalism they believe it is the responsibility of the state and the upper class to

Answer 18

safeguard and look after the less privileged in society

Question 19

one nation cons framed this within their broader message that society was on cohesive unit that was united by patriotism , building on

Answer 19

Burkes view that there was an organic affinity between the upper and lower classes in society

Question 20

one nation cons , paternalistic approach is rooted in a sense of moral duty articulated in the concept of “ noblesse oblige “ which embodies

Answer 20

the belief that those in privileged positions have a duty to act with generosity and responsibility towards those less fortunate

Question 21

one nation cons “ noblesse oblige “ leads to governance approach where the state takes proactive steps to

Answer 21

improve the welfare of the less privileged members of society through policies

Question 22

Disraeli government enacted social welfare reforms such as the public health act 1875 which

Answer 22

improved public health
- adressing the needs of the less privileged while maintain social hierarchy , key con value

Question 23

one nation cons support for paternalism is not just due to belief in moral duty but also due to

Answer 23

pragmatic strategy to uphold and maintain order , hierarchy and the position of aristocracy top of the social hierarchy

Question 24

one nations cons recognise that if those near the bottom of social hierarchy aren’t looked after to extent it increases

Answer 24

the likelihood of societal upheaval and potentially revolution , which would overturn the established hierarchy

Question 25

Disraeli made this view of one nations cons clear when stating

Answer 25

"”the palace is not safe when the cottage is not happy””

Question 26

the new right fundamentally rejectected the con principle of

Answer 26

paternalism and hierarchy

Question 27

the new right rejected the notion of the state as a protector and provider and instead arguing that

Answer 27

excessive state intervention not only curtailed individual freedom but stifled economic growth and innovation

Question 28

the new right instead emphasised hierarchy and social stability there were driven by promoting

Answer 28

principles of indvidualism
autonomy
mertirocracy in society and economy
enabling indviduals to work hard

Question 29

the new right championed minimising government involvement in both economic affairs and social welfare advocating for sn

Answer 29

economic system, where market forces would dictate outcomes , leading to greater efficiency and prosperity in theory

Question 30

in this context the new right saw hierarchy as paternalism as relics of an

Answer 30

outdated society

Question 31

the new rights opposition to paternalism can be seen in Ayn Rands opposition to the concept of altruism which she viewed as the

Answer 31

moral obligation to place the needs of others above ones own interests

Question 32

Ayn Rand argued that altruism whether done by individuals or the state , diminishes individual freedom and success by creating an

Answer 32

unhealthy dependence in those who are the recipients of such altruistic actions

Question 33

Ayn Rand in ‘ the virtue of selfishness ‘ stated that

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” the man who attempts to live for others is a dependent . he is a parasite in motive and makes parasites of those he serves “

Question 34

Rand saw the ideal moral pursuit as rational self interest not

Answer 34

self sacrifice for others

Question 35

despite the new rights rejection of the hierarchy it can be argued that neoliberalisms strong support for laissez fair capitalism and rejection of a welfare state or redistribution led to

Answer 35

some level of acceptance of inequality and hierarchy

Question 36

this being said new rights still believed such an economic system would created a metriorcracy where

Answer 36

successes was based on hard work , even if it didnt in reality