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RUSVM Bacteriology > Pasteurella and Friends > Flashcards

Pasteurella and Friends Flashcards

1
Q

What species of Pasteurella has capsule types A-F, denoting different antigenic properties, and infects multiple species such as humans, cats, dogs, pigs, cattle, rabbits, and birds?

A

Pasteurella multocida

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2
Q

Which capsule type of P. multocida seems to be the most important and is mucoid, with hyaluronic acid?

A

Capsule type A

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3
Q

P. multocida also has subdivisions based on what?

A

Somatic antigens (in cell wall)

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4
Q

Pasteurella multocida virulence factors:

A

Fimbriae and outer membrane proteins

Capsule and LPS endotoxin

Siderophores and proteins for Fe++ acquisition

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5
Q

P. multocida toxins:

A

RTX (repeat in toxin)
Dermonecrotic toxin
Hyaluronidase
Neuramidase

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6
Q

Which toxin of P. multocida causes hemolysis and impairment of pulmonary macrophages?

A

RTX (repeat in toxin)

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7
Q

Which toxin of P. multocida activates osteoclasts?

A

DNT (dermonectrotic toxin)

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8
Q

High virulence strains of P. multocida are obligate pathogens and cause ______ in bovines, birds, and rabbits.

A

Septicemia

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9
Q

Low virulence strains of P. multocida are facultative pathogens and cause __________ in bovines, rabbits, and pigs.

A

Rhinitis and pneumonia

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10
Q

P. multocida capsule type A causes what diseases in cattle/sheep, pigs, rabbits, and poultry?

A

Cattle/sheep: Shipping Fever, pneumonia and mastitis

Pigs: Atropic rhinitis, pneumonia

Rabbits: snuffles, conjunctivitis

Poultry: fowl cholera

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11
Q

Which P. multocida capsule type can be a problem in bite wounds?

A

Capsule type A

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12
Q

Which capsule type of P. multocida causes hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle, bison and yak in SE Asia?

A

Capsule type B

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13
Q

What capsule type of P. multocida causes hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle and water buffalo in Africa?

A

Capsule type E

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14
Q

What capsule types of P. multocida cause atropic rhinitis in pigs and fowl cholera in poultry?

A

Capsule types A and D

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15
Q

What capsule type of P. multocida causes pneumonia in poultry and rabbits?

A

Capsule type F

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16
Q

Clinical signs of Snuffles in rabbits, caused by P. multocida:

A

pleuropneumonia
otitis
conjunctivitis
abscess

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17
Q

In pigs, ______ and _______ cause Progressive Atropic Rhinitis

A

P. multocida and B. bronchiseptica

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18
Q

Lung pasteurellosis is a secondary disease in pigs caused by ________, capsule type __, and the somatic antigen subdivision __.

A

Lung pasteurellosis is a secondary disease in pigs caused by P. MULTOCIDA, capsule type A, and the somatic antigen subdivision 3.

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19
Q

In pigs, P. multocida is transmitted via

A

Aerosol (nose and carriers)

20
Q

Gross lesions associated with P. multocida infections in pigs

A

Supperative bronchopneumonia and fibrinous pleuritis

21
Q

Highly pathogenic P. multocida serotypes in bovines cause ___________ 50-100% mortality rate.

A

hemorrhagic septicemia

*capsule types B (SE Asia) and E (Africa)

22
Q

T/F: P. multocida in cattle is transmitted either by direct contact or by fleas/ticks.

A

TRUE

23
Q

T/F: Treatment of P. multocida in bovines includes antibiotics and corticosteroids.

A

FALSE: antibiotics don’t work Vaccinate!

24
Q

List those dumb birds from most to least susceptible to Fowl Cholera caused by P. multocida

A

Duck > Goose > Turkey > Chicken > Pheasant > Partridge > Guinea Fowl

25
Q

What are the clinical signs of CHRONIC P. multocida infection in chickens and turkeys?

A

Sneezing
Nasal discharge
Edema head

26
Q

Acute P. multocida infection in chickens and turkeys leads to:

A

Sudden death

27
Q

Should birds that are bitten by cats always be treated with antibiotics?

A

Yes, cat bites are hyperacute P. multocida infection in all bird species. Birds will die without treatment.

28
Q

T/F: P. multocida is a commensal in the nose and beak of healthy birds, and causes infection via the mouth, throat, trachea and skin.

A

TRUE

29
Q

Transmission route of P. multocida in birds

A

Nose/mouth, through food and drinking water.

30
Q

What percent of dog and cat bites transmit P. multocida?

A

5-15% of dog bites

20% of cat bites

31
Q

This bacterium used to be a Pasteurella species, has capsule types A-F, and has a leukotoxin that only works on the leukocytes of bovines and sheep. Who is it?

A

Mannheimia hemolytica

32
Q

Mannheimia hemolytica’s leukotoxin causes an increase in oxidative metabolism in ____ doses and lysis of phagocytes in ____ doses.

A

low; high

33
Q

T/F: M. hemolytica’s leukotoxin has a low antigenicity.

A

FALSE: It’s super duper antigenic

34
Q

Virulence factors of M. hemolytica

A 
Leukotoxin
Transferrin binding proteins
LPS
Fimbriae
Capsule
35
Q

T/F: Sheep are susceptible to all serotypes of M. hemolytica, but there is low antibiotic resistance.

A

TRUE

36
Q

Where can M. hemolytica be found on a sheep?

A

Nose and tonsils

37
Q

Bovines are susceptible to which serotypes of M. hemolytica, which have a decent amount of acquired antibiotic resistance?

A

Serotypes 1, 2, 6

38
Q

What 2 bacteria cause bronchopneumonia in calves, or Shipping Fever?

A

M. hemolytica and P. multocida

39
Q

What is the endogenous route of infection for Shipping Fever?

A

Stress

M. hemolytica multiplies at nasopharynx, causing fibronecrotic pneumonia.

Secondary P. multocida infection (A, D)

40
Q

What is the exogenous route of infection for Shipping Fever?

A

Excretion of M. hemolytica by infected calves and spread to nearby animals

41
Q

Immunity for M. hemolytica in bovine bronchopneumonia is mainly _______.

A

Ab mediated

42
Q

Lung lesions associated with M. hemolytica in cattle

A

fibrinous necrotizing bronchopneumonia

serofibrinous pleuritis

well defined areas of pneumonia

43
Q

How would you diagnose Shipping Fever?

A

Culture: BAL, lungs, nose for M. hemolytica and P. multocida

44
Q

Treatment for M. hemolytica in cattle:

A

Antibiotics and corticosteroids

45
Q

Since vaccine success is variable for M. hemolytica infections in cattle, how else can infection be prevented?

A

Proper ventilation

Thermoregulation

Reduction of stomach fermentation by using a low energy concentration feed

46
Q

I am a former Pasteurella species causing septicemia in sheep 5-12 months old, triggered by stress or a change in feed. Who am I?

A

Bibersteinia trehalosi

47
Q

Differential diagnosis for Bibersteinia trehalosi infections

A

Clostridium perfringens

RUSVM Bacteriology (13 decks)

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