Past qs 22 Jan 2019

Question 1

Which clinical feature is characteristic to hydrogen sulphide toxicosis

Answer 1

A. Both

• Lacrimation, nasal discharge
• Hard breathing

Question 2

In which category does the toxic substance belong if the oral LD50 is 100mg/kg in rats?

Answer 2

B. Moderately toxic

Question 3

Gentamicin is bound with high affinity to…

Answer 3

C. Phosphatidil inositol

Question 4

What are the gross pathological signs in poisoning caused by anticoagulant rodenticides?

Answer 4

D. Haematomas and haemorrhages all over the body

Question 5

Which antidote is NOT used in acute organophosphate toxicosis?

Answer 5

C. Fomepizole

Question 6

Which antidote can be used in lead toxicosis?

Answer 6

A. Ca-Na-EDTA

Question 7

The most toxic organophosphates?

Answer 7

A. Contain fluorine atom

Question 8

Which statement is true to nitrate-nitrite?

Answer 8

D. Both

• Methemoglobin results from the presence of nitrite
• Monogastric animals are less sensitive to nitrates

Question 9

Which compound is found in the venom of Solenopsis spp?

Answer 9

B. Alkaloids

Question 10

Which mechanism of action is characteristic to paraquat?

Answer 10

C. Induces the formation of free radicals in cells which bind to unsaturated fatty acids

Question 11

What is the most toxic part of Golden chain?

Answer 11

B. Seed

Question 12

Which pathological alteration is characteristic in urea poisoning?

Answer 12

C. Both

• Ammonia odour of ruminal content
• Extreme bloating

Question 13

What is NOT characteristic to dipyridyl derivatives?

Answer 13

B. Accumulate within the organism

Question 14

Which factor can influence the absorption of the xenobiotics from the gastrointestinal tract?

Answer 14

B. Both

• The lipid content of the feed
• The pH value of the certain part of the GI tract

Question 15

Which medicine is useful in the treatment of poisoning by lupine spp?

Answer 15

A. Both

- Hepatoprotective agents - Paraffin oil

Question 16

How can the elimination of an acidic substance be facilitated via the kidney?

Answer 16

C. Alkalizing the urine with NaHCO3

Question 17

Which antidote can be used in zinc toxicosis?

Answer 17

D. Both

• Calcium disodium EDTA
• D-penicillamine

Question 18

In which category does the toxic substance belong if the oral LD50 is 20mg/kg in rats?

Answer 18

A. Highly toxic

Question 19

What kind of treatment would you apply in paracetamol toxicosis?

Answer 19

A. Both

• Acetylcysteine
• Vitamine C

Question 20

Which animal species is most sensitive to zearalenone?

Answer 20

B. Swine

Question 21

Which clinical signs are caused by Larkspur spp?

Answer 21

B. Muscle weakness, bloat in ruminants, sudden death

Question 22

Which medicine is useful in the treatment of poisoning caused by drain cleaners?

Answer 22

C. Both

• Neutralisation
• Dilution

Question 23

Which compound is found in bee venom?

Answer 23

C. Cholinesterase

Question 24

Which medicine is useful in the treatment of poisoning caused by anionic detergents?

Answer 24

A. Both

• Neutralisation
• Dilution

Question 25

Which pathological finding is characteristic to fumonisin poisoning?

Answer 25

B. Both

• Transsudate is found in the airways and thoracic cavity in swine
• Edema and hemorrhagies are seen in the white matter of cerebral hemispheres

Question 26

Which substance binds to a specific receptor in the synapsis?

Answer 26

D. Atropine

Question 27

Which mechanism of effect is characteristic to metaldehyde?

Answer 27

A. Damaging the neurotransmitters in the nerve synapses

Question 28

Which clinical signs are caused by Poinsettia?

Answer 28

D. Both

• Diarrhea
• Conjunctivitis

Question 29

Antidote in the poisoning with diazinon and fenthion

Answer 29

C. Atropine

Question 30

Which antidote is a chelating agent?

Answer 30

C. Calcium disodium EDTA

Question 31

Drug used for the treatment of ventricular arrhytmias in case of digoxin toxicosis?

Answer 31

B. Lidocain

Question 32

Which clinical sign is NOT characteristic to ethylene glycol poisoning?

Answer 32

A. Diarrhoea

Question 33

• How can iron-dextran be administered and in which animal species is this iron supplementation frequently used?
• Which is the most severe side effect after administration?
• Which 3 drugs are life-saving when this severe condition occurs?

Answer 33

• IM for piglets
• Anaphylactoid reaction
• Norepinephrine, Antihistamine, Glucose

Question 34

-In case of iron toxicosis which chelating agent can be used?

Answer 34

-Deferoxamine: 20 mg/kg, IM, 15 mg/kg/h IV

Question 35

COMPLETE THE TABLE BELOW (16 points)
POISONING - ANTIDOTES - DOSE OF ANTIDOTES
1. Diazinon
2. Amitraz
3. Permethrin
4. Paracetamol
5. Ethylene-glycole
6. Nitrate-Nitrite
7. Dicumarol

Answer 35

1. Diazinon: Atropine/Pralidoxim - 0.2-0.5 mg/kg/20-50mg/kg
2. Amitraz: Atipamezole/Yohimbine - 5mg/m2/not used
3. Permethrin: Ø specific antidote
4. Paracetamol: Acetylcysteine - 140 (first), 70 mg/kg IV/PO 3x/day
5. Ethylene-glycole: Ethanol/Fomepizole - 5ml/kg, IV 20%/20mg/kg
6. Nitrate-Nitrite: Methylene blue - 5-10mg/kg (1%) IV
7. Dicumarol: Vitamin K1 - SA: 1-5mg/kg IV - LA: 0.5-1mg/kg IV

Question 36

Which substance has enzyme inhibitory effect?

Answer 36

D. Tiamulin

Question 37

Which clinical feature is characteristic to sulphur dioxide toxicosis?

Answer 37

C. Both

• Lung edema
• Lacrimation, coughing

Question 38

What is the recommended dose of acetylcysteine in paracetamol poisoning?

Answer 38

B. 140mg/kg bw

Question 39

WHICH IS THIS PLANT? (2points)

1. This plant damages the bone marrow. It contains also thiaminase and carcinogenic compound. Bleeding in different forms is typical symptom in case of poisoning.
2. This garden plant also contains alkaloids, glycosides and Ca-oxalate. Its bulb is very toxic. It can cause erythema in case of direct skin contact.

Answer 39

1. Bracken fern

2. Daffodil spp (poet’s daffodil, wild daffodil)