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Toxo > Past qs 15 Jan 2019 > Flashcards

Past qs 15 Jan 2019 Flashcards

1
Q

Which clinical signs are caused by butterfly toxins?

A

D. Both

  • Erythema and blister can be seen on the skin
  • The hairs of butterflies induce irritation and pruritus of the skin
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2
Q

Which is NOT a clinical sign of diazinon toxicosis?

A

C. Paraparesis, paralysis

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3
Q

Which administration route has usually the lowest LD50 values among these?

A

A. Intavenous

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4
Q

Which mechanism of effect is characteristic to sulphur dioxide?

A

A. Neither

  • Inhibits respiratory enzymes
  • Stimulates the receptors of glomum caroticum
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5
Q

Which medicine is useful in the treatment of nitrate-nitrite poisoning?

A

C. Both

  • Vasoconstrictor agents
  • Methylene blue
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6
Q

Application of fenthion can produce the following clinical signs in cats?

A

B. Bradycardia, salivation, diarrhea, urinarion, tremors, convulsions

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7
Q

What is NOT a clinical feature of anticoagulant rodenticide poisoning?

A

A. Severe haemorrhagic gastroenteritis

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8
Q

Which alkaloid is found in Angel’s trumpet?

A

B. Tropane

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9
Q

Which mechanism of action is characteristic to thiram?

A

C. Has mutagenic and teratogenic effects

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10
Q

Which clinical sign is NOT characteristic to poisoning caused by acids?

A

A. Respiratory distress

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11
Q

Which clinical feature is characteristic to carbon dioxide toxicosis?

A

C. Hypoxaemia, concylsions, ataxia

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12
Q

Which antidote is useful in ethylene glycol poisoning?

A

C. Ethanol

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13
Q

Which statement is true for methylxanthines?

A

A. In higher doses mainly the central nervous system and the kidney are damaged

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14
Q

Which plant is known to cause damage primarily to the nervous system?

A

A. Hemlock

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15
Q

Which mechanism of action is characteristic to nitrophenols?

A

B. Inhibit oxydative phosphorilation

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16
Q

Which clinical signs are characteristic to urea poisoning?

A

D. Both

  • Severe colic
  • Incoordination, staggering
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17
Q

Which mechanism of effect is characteristic to metaldehyde?

A

D. Both

  • Decreasing the concentration of neurotransmitters in the synapse
  • Severe irritation of the gastrointestinal tract
18
Q

Which is a clinical feature of NSAID toxicosis?

A

D. Both

  • Gastric and duodenal ulcers
  • Kidney necrosis, intestinal nephritis
19
Q

Which animal species is the most sensitive to deoxynivalenol?

A

D. Swine

20
Q

The patient is highly sensitive to the toxic effects of NSAIDs if…

A

A. it has renal failure

21
Q

In which poisoning can the following signs be seen: liquefaction necrosis, edema at injured area, alkalosis?

A

B. Alkali poisoning

22
Q

Which mechanism of action is characteristic to calcium disodium EDTA?

A

B. it makes a complex with the poison

23
Q

Which of the following is an organochlorine substance?

A

A. Endosulphan

24
Q

What is the clinical characteristic of zearalenone poisoning?

A

B. Disturbed estrous cycle

25
Q

Which medicine is NOT useful in the treatment of acid poisoning?

A

C. Gastric lavage

26
Q

After which time period are the clinical signs of Hemlock poisoning seen?

A

B. 0.5 - 2 hours

27
Q

Which of the following is the most toxic substance of plant origin?

A

B. Glycosides

28
Q

Which clinical signs are caused in the animals by the venom of Centruriodes spp?

A

C. Both

  • Local pain, swelling
  • Paralysis of respiratory muscles
29
Q

Which factor can influence the absorption of the xenobiotics from the gastrointestinal tract?

A

C. Both

  • The lipid content of the feed
  • The pH value of the certain part of the gastrointestinal tract
30
Q

Which is a clinical feature of NSAID toxicosis?

A

A. Acute renal failure

31
Q

Which is NOT a clinical feature of inorganic mercury toxicosis?

A

A. Haemolysis

32
Q

Which substance is found in Larksur spp?

A

A. Delfinine

33
Q

Which substance is found in Daffodil spp?

A

B. Both

  • Alkaloids
  • Glycosides
34
Q

Which antidote can be used in lead toxicosis?

A

C. Ca-Na-EDTA

35
Q

How can the elimination of an acidic substance be facilitated via the kidney?

A

D. Alkalizing the urine with NaHCO3

36
Q 
MATCH THE PLANTS WITH THE TOXINS (6points)
1. Hemlock 
2. Yew 
3. Larkspur 
4. Purple foxglove
5. Diffenbachia spp 
6. Potato 
A. taxin
B. coniine
C. calcium-oxalate
D. digoxin
E. solanine
F. delphinine
A 
1 - B
2 - A
3 - F
4 - D
5 - C
6 - E
37
Q

FOR WHICH SPECIES ARE THESE SUBSTANCES TOXIC / WHICH SPECIES ARE SENSITIVE TO THEM? (5points)

  • Garlic
  • Carbamide/NPN
  • Salt
  • Fluoride
  • Ethyleneglycole
  • Cadmium
A
  • Garlic: Dog
  • Carbamide/NPN: Cattle
  • Salt: Swine, poultry, dog
  • Fluoride: Bo, Ov, Su, Eq, Poultry
  • Ethyleneglycole: Cat, Dog
  • Cadmium: rat + rabbit
38
Q

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES BELOW (6points)

  • Diazinon is an organophosphate that contains - ? -
  • This functional group is substituted with - ? - during metabolism in the liver, therefore turning into a more toxic - ? - substance, which lengthens toxicity.
  • Organophosphates have - ? - absorption from the skin than carbamates, dermal LD50 is close to - ? LD50 in contrast with carbamates where - ? - is approximately 10 times higher.
A
  • Diazinon is an organophosphate that contains S
  • This functional group is substituted with O during metabolism in the liver, therefore turning into a more toxic Diazoxon substance, which lengthens toxicity.
  • Organophosphates have higher/better absorption from the skin than carbamates, dermal LD50 is close to PO LD50 in contrast with carbamates where PO is approximately 10 times higher.
39
Q 
PAIR THE LETTER(S) OF THE MYCOTOXINS WITH THE ORGANS, WHERE THE PRIMER LESIONS OCCUR MOST TYPICALLY DURING POISONING! (Max 4 points, 0.5 points/correct answer, score deduction if more than 8 answers are written)
A. Satratoxin
B. Penitrem
C. Phomopsin
D. Zearalenon
E. Ochratoxin
F. Aflatoxin
G. Fumonisin
-Kidney: ?
-Lung: ?
-Genitals: ?
-Liver: ?
-Gastrointestinal tract: ?
-Nervous system: ?
A
  • Kidney: E
  • Lung: G
  • Genitals: D
  • Liver: F, C
  • Gastrointestinal tract: A, H
  • Nervous system: B
40
Q

PLACE THE FOLLOWING SUBSTANCES IN THE RIGHT COLUMN! INCORRECT PLACEMENT WILL RESULT IN NEGATIVE POINTS (0.5 point/right answer)
Muscarine, Amanitine, ricin, amygdalin, atropin, scopolamine, coniine, colchicine
-Alkaloid: ?
-Glycoside: ?
-Toxic peptide/protein: ?

A
  • Alkaloid: Muscarine, Atropin, Scopolamine, Coiine, Colchicine
  • Glycoside: Amygdalin, + solanine
  • Toxic peptide/protein: Amanitine, ricin
41
Q 
WHICH CLINICAL SIGNS ARE CHARACTERISTIC IN BROMADIOLONE POISONING?
(Negative points for wrong answers) (5points)
-Renal failure
-Anaemia
-Convulsions
-Prehepatic icterus
-Hematomas
-Paraparesis
-Epistaxis
-Hemoperitoneum
-Mydriasis
-Miosis
-Tachycardia
A
  • Anaemia
  • Prehepatic icterus (sometimes)
  • Hematomas
  • Epistaxis
  • Hemoperitoneum

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