Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

6th Year > Past Papers > Flashcards

Past Papers Flashcards

1
Q

raccoon eyes?

A

extracerebral - basal skull fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cohort

A

choose people and follow them over time, and compare them with control group over time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Case control

A

retrospective look back on patients chosen with a certain result

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cross sectional study

A

no controls - single point observation on a group of people.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

quaternary prevention

A

actions which diminish the affects of healthcare on a person - protecting them from overmedicalisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Syphilis diagnosis

A

Swab chancre - dark ground microscopy for treponema

no chancre - cardiolipin antibodies (also in SLE) or treponeme specific antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q 
Action of renal drugs on which part of the kidney:
Loop diuretics
Thiazides
Aldosterone antag.
ACEi/ARB
carbonic anhydrase i
A

loop - NA-K-CL Ascending loop
Thiazide - DCT (proximal part)
Aldosterone - CCT
dorzolamide - PCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Penicillamine

A

Wilsons disease - binds copper and leaves in urine

can cause a glomerular pathology - nephrotic normally?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

brinzolamide

A

used in glaucoma - carbonic anhydrase inhibitor - reduces aqueous humor formation by interfereing with na pump

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which are the main drugs which reactivate latent TB

A 
anti tnf alpha e.g CAGI
certolizumab
adalimumab
golimumab
inflixamab
ebatercept
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Reidels thyroiditis

A

Presents in a similar way to anaplastic cancer
rapidly enlarging goitre exhibiting mass effects
hard fixed mass associated with retroperitoneal fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

beri beri

A

thiamine B1 - dry and wet types - dry - neuro periph and wet - cardiovascular and SOB, swelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is reflux nephropathy?

A

small scarred kidneys, or general kidney damage can be the result of vesicoureteric reflux.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Complications of DKA treatment?

A

Hyper/hypokalaemia
Hypoglycaemia
Cerbral odema
Pulmonary odema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Management of acute hypoglycaemia?

A

If they are awake - intravenous glucose - encouarge eating and drinking of sugary foods try to give 10-20g - 20% glucose in 20 minutes.

if they are inconcious IM glucagon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Machinery murmur

A

continuous throughout - PDA - loudest at

if only in systole - think VSD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hospital aquired pneumonias

A

tazocin or Cipro(if pen allergic) as has pseudomonal cover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When do you use doxy in pneumonia?

A

it is a tetracycline - se in atypicals - often with COPD CAP.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which antibiotic class show penicillin allergy cross reactivity?

A

cephalosporins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

erectile dysfunction drugs mechanism?

A

PDE 5 inhibitors - end in fil
sildefanil
tidalafil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

cyproterone acetate?

A

anti androgen? used in gender reassignment? early puberty and gender reassignment.

22
Q

what type of dysphagia does Systemic sclerosis cause?

A

LES relaxes unlike achalasia - dysmot = liquids and solids?

23
Q

Dysphagia to solids vs liquids?

A

if the problem affects motility then they will have solids and liquid problems

if the lesion only affects the lumen and causes it to narrow then these will only present with dysphagia to solids.

intermittent? more likely to be structural and depends of the size of the bolus?

24
Q

Breast Ca national screening?

A

`All women over 50 get 3 yearly mammogram

25
Q

Colon cancer national screening?

A

men and women over 60-74 every 2 years

26
Q

PSA testting

A

anyone over 50 can have it checked by GP if they ask

27
Q

First line treatment for acute goiut?

A

NSAIDS - naproxen.

only colchicine when contraindicated

28
Q

First line OA?

A

paracetamol

29
Q

chronic panc mx

A

analgesia
creon
DM mx
ADEK - fat solubvle

pancreatectomy - if loss of weight or awful pain.

no alcohol - reduce fatty food

30
Q

hyperkalaemia >6.5 or ECG changes

A

calcium gluconate (chloride in haemodynamic compromise) - repeat every 5 mins
Measure BM
10u insulin with 20% glucose
salbutamol nebs

31
Q

TCA overdose

A

Patients get tachy and low bp because TCA stimulate alpha 1 recepter so there is vasodilation. - orthostatic hypotension

32
Q

diagnostic investigation for a kidney stone?

A

non contrast ct - KUB

33
Q

big risk emergency of cataract surgery?

A

infective endopthalmitis - intra vitreal antibiotics

34
Q

symptoms of complete heart block?

A

syncope
brady regular
life threatening
associated with inferior MI

35
Q

Malignant htn mx

A

labetalol
GTN in heart things
nitroprusside used too

36
Q

Causes of drug induced lupus

A

procainemide
hydralazine

isoniazid
phenytoin
minocycline

37
Q

first line for trigeminal neuralgia

A

carbamazepine

38
Q

First line seizure meds?

A

valproate for all general, absence

lamotrigine for focal

39
Q

What causes pseudogout

A

calcium pyrophosphate crystals

chondrocalcinosis

40
Q

What is the management for osteoporosis?

A

bisphosphonates
calcium
vit D

41
Q

causes of diabetes insipidus?

A

lithium
hypercalcaemia

cranial - head inj, infection eg sarcoid HIv

42
Q

testicular pain differentials?

A

epididimo orchitis - discharge, pain relieved by elevation of the testis slower onset

torsion - sudden onset not relieved by elevation severe.

43
Q

rosacea

A 
Papules and pustules
red
flushing
telangectasia
may include blepharitis - eye involvememnt - no conjuctival involvement

can cause rhinophyma - disfigurement of the nose

44
Q

keratotic plugs

A

seb k

45
Q

keratotic plugs

A

seb k

46
Q

azospermia drugs?

A

sulfasalazine? also causes suppression of BM

47
Q

colour order of raynauds

A

WBC

white blue crimson

48
Q

Causes of erythema nodosum

A

Infection - strep, tb
inflam - IBD sarcoid
malignancy
drugs - pen/sulphon

49
Q

Management of dyspepsia

A

urgent - anyone with dysphagia or abdo mass
over 55 with weight loss

non urg
haematemesis
anaemia

50
Q

Management of dyspepsia

A

urgent - anyone with dysphagia or abdo mass
over 55 with weight loss

non urg
haematemesis

over55 with :
anaemia
low plt
treatmnt resistant

51
Q

osteomalacia

A

pain where fractures have occured due to softening
spine has lots of loading

common in those on anticonvulsant therapy

6th Year (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions